Implementación de una red de sensores inalambricos (WSN) para el Internet de las cosas (IoT) utilizando comunicación 6LoWPAN con nodos con microcontrolador ARM de bajo consumo.

Abstract

Nowadays, we are surrounded by electronic devices that make our routine easier and help us in our daily tasks. These devices, every day, are more complex and contribute more information and better management of things. That is why the Internet of Things (IoT) was created, which is based on being able to connect millions of devices to the Internet. The use of new protocols and standards is essential for all these devices to have Internet connectivity and the ability to communicate with each other. In this way, they enable us to interact with other users. In this work, some of the functionalities of the Firefly platform sensors, whose brand is Zolertia [1], were tested. The implementation of these nodes was done over the IEEE.802.15.4 and 6LoWPAN standard. The latter is a version of the IPv6 protocol adapted for equipment or systems with low resources and reduced bandwidth. The sensors are composed of a microcontroller board, which is connected to a rechargeable power supply. On the other hand, to program these devices we will use a development environment or operating system called Contiki OS, suitable for IoT devices. The interconnection of these sensors will establish a WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) and they will use the RPL protocol (Routing Protocol for Lower - Power and Lossy networks) to communicate with each other. They will also communicate with the Internet through a BR (Border Router). There are three types of motes: a mote connected to the Border Router, which will take on the role of master and will be in charge of receiving all the data or information from the network. The router motes will redirect all the packets and also send data to the master. And the end motes will only transmit information to the contiguous motes. For the development of the border router or BR, which divides the PAN (Personal Area Network) network from the Internet network, we have chosen to use a Raspberry Pi. Thus, all the necessary packages for the implementation of the Cetic 6LBR solution have been configured and installed on it. On the other hand, a Python process has been set up so that all the information collected is stored on the Ubidots server. This makes it easier to store all the data so that it can be viewed from anywhere.