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Recovery of germanium from leach solutions of fly ash using solvent extraction with various extractants
dc.contributor.author | Kamran Haghighi, Hossein |
dc.contributor.author | Irannajad, Mehdi |
dc.contributor.author | Fortuny Sanromá, Agustín |
dc.contributor.author | Sastre Requena, Ana María |
dc.contributor.other | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Química |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-12-13T08:13:37Z |
dc.date.available | 2020-01-01T01:25:56Z |
dc.date.issued | 2018-01 |
dc.identifier.citation | Kamran, H., Irannajad, M., Fortuny, A., Sastre, A. Recovery of germanium from leach solutions of fly ash using solvent extraction with various extractants. "Hydrometallurgy", Gener 2018, vol. 175, p. 164-169. |
dc.identifier.issn | 0304-386X |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2117/111817 |
dc.description.abstract | The solvent extraction of germanium and some heavy metals by commercial tri-octyl/decyl amine (Alamine 336), N-methyl-N, N-dioctyl chloride (Aliquat 336) and phosphine oxide (Cyanex 923) has been studied. In each extraction system, germanium was only extracted from a solution containing nickel, cadmium, cobalt, and zinc, which had a composition similar to gasification coal fly ash aqueous leach solutions. Under a comparable condition, the germanium extraction efficiency by the aforementioned extractants was in the order Aliquat 336 > Alamine 336 > Cyanex 923. The slope analysis method showed that 2 moles of Alamine 336 and Aliquat 336, as well as 4 moles of Cyanex 923, participated in the extraction of germanium. In amine extraction systems, tartaric acid was required as a complexant used to convert germanium to anionic species. As a result, the ratio of 2 (mole ration of tartaric acid to Ge) was required to complete anionic complexation. On the other hand, oxalic acid with a concentration of 0.1 M was chosen as a proper solvated complexant in the Cyanex 923 system. HCl solutions with concentrations of 1 and 2 M can properly strip germanium from the loaded Alamine 336 and Aliquat 336, respectively. In addition, 0.1 M NaOH was sufficient for germanium stripping from Cyanex 923. Consequently, it can be concluded that Aliquat 336 can be an economical and industry-friendly extractant for germanium solvent extraction from a mixed solution. |
dc.format.extent | 6 p. |
dc.language.iso | eng |
dc.publisher | Elsevier |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ |
dc.subject | Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria química |
dc.subject.lcsh | Chemical engineering |
dc.subject.lcsh | Extraction (Chemistry) |
dc.subject.lcsh | Germanium |
dc.subject.lcsh | Solvent extraction |
dc.subject.other | Alamine 336 |
dc.subject.other | Aliquat 336 |
dc.subject.other | Cyanex 923 |
dc.subject.other | Fly ashes |
dc.subject.other | Germanium |
dc.title | Recovery of germanium from leach solutions of fly ash using solvent extraction with various extractants |
dc.type | Article |
dc.subject.lemac | Enginyeria química |
dc.subject.lemac | Extracció (Química) |
dc.subject.lemac | Germani |
dc.contributor.group | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. SETRI - Grup de Tècniques de Separació i Tractament de Residus Industrials |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.11.006 |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304386X17306874 |
dc.rights.access | Open Access |
local.identifier.drac | 21671193 |
dc.description.version | Preprint |
local.citation.author | Kamran, H.; Irannajad, M.; Fortuny, A.; Sastre, A. |
local.citation.publicationName | Hydrometallurgy |
local.citation.volume | 175 |
local.citation.startingPage | 164 |
local.citation.endingPage | 169 |
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