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A survey of real-time crowd rendering

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10.1111/cgf.12774
 
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hdl:2117/99231

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Beacco Porres, AlejandroMés informacióMés informació
Pelechano Gómez, NúriaMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Andújar Gran, Carlos AntonioMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Document typeArticle
Defense date2016-12
Rights accessOpen Access
All rights reserved. This work is protected by the corresponding intellectual and industrial property rights. Without prejudice to any existing legal exemptions, reproduction, distribution, public communication or transformation of this work are prohibited without permission of the copyright holder
Abstract
In this survey we review, classify and compare existing approaches for real-time crowd rendering. We first overview character animation techniques, as they are highly tied to crowd rendering performance, and then we analyze the state of the art in crowd rendering. We discuss different representations for level-of-detail (LoD) rendering of animated characters, including polygon-based, point-based, and image-based techniques, and review different criteria for runtime LoD selection. Besides LoD approaches, we review classic acceleration schemes, such as frustum culling and occlusion culling, and describe how they can be adapted to handle crowds of animated characters. We also discuss specific acceleration techniques for crowd rendering, such as primitive pseudo-instancing, palette skinning, and dynamic key-pose caching, which benefit from current graphics hardware. We also address other factors affecting performance and realism of crowds such as lighting, shadowing, clothing and variability. Finally we provide an exhaustive comparison of the most relevant approaches in the field.
CitationBeacco, A., Pelechano, N., Andújar, C. A survey of real-time crowd rendering. "Computer graphics forum", Desembre 2016, vol. 35, núm. 8, p. 32-50. 
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/99231
DOI10.1111/cgf.12774
ISSN0167-7055
Publisher versionhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cgf.12774/full
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  • Departament de Ciències de la Computació - Articles de revista [943]
  • ViRVIG - Grup de Recerca en Visualització, Realitat Virtual i Interacció Gràfica - Articles de revista [74]
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