Quantum integrated photonics

Abstract

For many years scientist and engineers have used complex photonic set ups on large optical tables to perform quantum experiments. The problem is while the experiments are getting more and more complex the set ups are getting more and more complex too. Integration on chip has allowed the implementation of many optical devices in less than a few square millimeters. Also, quantum integrated photonics has became more popular in recent years. This technology gives a way to perform quantum experiments in a chip. Some people are really pessimistic about integrated quantum photonics due to losses and other complicated problems that have to be solved. In this thesis, we provide an overview in the field of integrated quantum photonics, presenting how to implement quantum circuits going from the generic formulation to the specific implementation in this platform. We also will see the basic building blocks for future quantum information processing and communication technologies. These blocks include the generation, manipulation and detection of quantum states of light. Specifically we will focus on how to manipulate quantum light on chip. After that we will focus on the understanding of 2x2 couplers. Those elements are keys to perform quantum integrated photonics. Finally we will provide a novel design for a short broadband 2x2 coupler.

En este trabajo se estudia la viabilidad de la óptica cuántica integrada. Este trabajo consta de dos partes: la primera es la búsqueda bibliográfica de la óptica cuántica integrada. La segunda es el diseño de un nuevo tipo de acoplador de luz 2x2 de dimensiones nanométricas en silicio.

En aquest treball s’estudia la viabilitat de l’òptica quàntica integrada. El treball consta de dues parts: la primera es una recerca bibliogràfica d’òptica quàntica integrada. La segona es el disseny d’un nou tipus d’acoblador de llum 2x2 de dimensions nanomètriques en silici..