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Cost-conscious strategies to increase performance of numerical programs on agressive VLIW architectures

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Cost-conscious strategies to increase performance of numerical programs on aggressive VLIW architectures (2,418Mb)
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10.1109/12.956090
 
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hdl:2117/85498

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López Álvarez, DavidMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Llosa Espuny, José FranciscoMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Valero Cortés, MateoMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Ayguadé Parra, EduardMés informacióMés informacióMés informació
Document typeArticle
Defense date2001-10
Rights accessOpen Access
All rights reserved. This work is protected by the corresponding intellectual and industrial property rights. Without prejudice to any existing legal exemptions, reproduction, distribution, public communication or transformation of this work are prohibited without permission of the copyright holder
Abstract
Loops are the main time-consuming part of numerical applications. The performance of the loops is limited either by the resources offered by the architecture or by recurrences in the computation. To execute more operations per cycle, current processors are designed with growing degrees of resource replication (replication technique) for memory ports and functional units. However, the high cost in terms of area and cycle time of this technique precludes the use of high degrees of replication. High values for the cycle time may clearly offset any gain in terms of number of execution cycles. High values for the area may lead to an unimplementable configuration. An alternative to resource replication is resource widening (widening technique), which has also been used in some recent designs in which the width of the resources is increased (i.e., a single operation is performed over multiple data). Moreover, several general-purpose superscalar microprocessors have been implemented with multiply-add fused floating-point units (fusion technique), which reduces the latency of the combined operation and the number of resources used. The authors evaluate a broad set of VLIW processor design alternatives that combine the three techniques. We perform a technological projection for the next processor generations in order to foresee the possible implementable alternatives. From this study, we conclude that if the cost is taken into account, combining certain degrees of replication and widening in the hardware resources is more effective than applying only replication. Also, we confirm that multiply-add fused units will have a significant impact in raising the performance of future processor architectures with a reasonable increase in cost
CitationLópez, D., Llosa, J., Valero, M., Ayguadé, E. Cost-conscious strategies to increase performance of numerical programs on agressive VLIW architectures. "IEEE transactions on computers", Octubre 2001, vol. 50, núm. 10, p. 1033-1051. 
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/85498
DOI10.1109/12.956090
ISSN0018-9340
Publisher versionhttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=956090
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  • Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors - Articles de revista [967]
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  • ICE - Institut de Ciències de l’Educació - Articles de revista [72]
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