Sundman transformation and alternative tangent structures

Abstract

A geometric approach to Sundman transformation defined by basic functions for systems of second-order differential equations is developed and the necessity of a change of the tangent structure by means of the function defining the Sundman transformation is shown. Among other applications of such theory we study the linearisability of a system of second-order differential equations and in particular the simplest case of a second-order differential equation. The theory is illustrated with several examples.