Estudi comparatiu de quatre sistemes estructurals per a dos habitatges entre mitgeres

Abstract

This paper is part of the Final Degree Project in the Studies of Technical Architecture and Building (Syllabus 2015), which is the last stage in the process of adapting my degree as a Technical Architect (Syllabus 2002). It was a working-related reason which led me to undertake this studies. I have nearly developed all my professional career in the Public Administration sector, and the overcoming of this Degree may involve access to an upper employment position.The aim of this project is the definition of four structural systems, for the subsequent analysis of the variables of time, cost, quality and environmental impact. The models to be developed are: ceramic fabric walls and slabof prefabricated reinforced concrete beams; pillars and reinforced concrete reticular slab; laminated wood pillars and slab; also pillars and slabof composite metal deck.Nowadays, the land where the structure would be erected is used as a garden and car park which should be demolished. It consists of two plots that can be alienated and built separately. Besides, the town planning allows for a ground floor, first floor and undercover floor, with an occupancy of 140 m2and a built-up surface of approximately 340 m2.Aboveground level, a shared structure along the medianline, except for the unidirectional model that provides the construction of one entity independent of the other. Belowground level, taking into account the geotechnical study and with the intention of maintaining a pre-existing buried deposit, the same solution has been considered for all systems below ground level: reinforced concrete column shoes and pillars, a slab that binds the deposit, and a sanitary slabin application of the recent requirement of protection against radon gas.The proposal is based on personal and professional considerations. Not only is there a personal connection with the land but also the development of the building is feasible and the content of this project can be used for a real commission. Moreover, the structural calculation, object of regulatory changes in recent years, becomes a different challenge to my professional activity.The main purpose of this project is to obtain objective information that can be used to select a suitable structural system, away from industrial interests and/orconstruction trends. Nevertheless, other complementary goals are: to pass the degree studies; work in a real case; generate added value to the property; commission the geotechnical study; dimension the structures; compare structural systems; and update knowledge.The content of the project is divided into the following chapters and sections:-Building’s description: the architectural definition of the building, at the level of a preliminary project, according to the urban planning and habitability requirements.-Structural system’s description: it contains the following sections: actions, foundations, concrete (unidirectional and reticular), ceramic, wood and steel. A review of the applicable regulation and a basic structural sizing is carried out. Thedifferent systems are identified by color coding throughout all the document.-Measurements and budget: the above ground level of the structure is here explained. Taking as a reference the information about construction products from the Institute of Construction Technology of Catalonia databases (BEDEC-ITEC),getting that way the values of economic cost, execution time, energy expenditure and CO2 emissions.-Conclusions: a synthesis of the experience gained in the drafting of this document, a review of the objectives set at the beginning, and the analysis of the values obtained and the parameters considered representative in the previous chapter.-Bibliography: the web pages and the literary resources used are related.-Plans: the location is represented graphically with the urban planning; the currentstate with the delimitation of the soundings; the architectural proposal in plan, section and elevations; previous demolition and land movement actions; the foundations plan and the sanitary slab; and for each of the structural systems, the solution of ground floor’s ceiling, first floor’s ceiling and the deck, with the corresponding construction details.-Annex: the consultations of the cadastral details and municipal urban planning information are incorporated; the geotechnical study carried out for the purpose by the MEDIGEO Geologia i Geotècnia, S.L. company; the calculation of the flexion with WINEVA software; and the product and/or industrial systems’ sheets that have been taken as reference.In my case, the process of adapting the studies took much longer than expected. I take this opportunity to remember and thank the people who have accompanied me along this path, especially my family, colleagues and teachers, true inspirers and sources of knowledge.