Sewage sludge based catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol: preparation, characterisation and catalytic performance
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Data publicació2011-01
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Abstract
In this study the use of novel CWAO catalysts, namely potentially low cost, sewage sludge derived
activated carbons was explored. Two types of municipal sludge were used: dewatered raw filter cake
and dewatered mesophilic anaerobically digested sludge. The carbons were produced by: carbonisation;
physical activation (steam or CO2) and chemical activation (K2CO3). Hydrochloric acid washing of some of
the carbons was also investigated. The carbons were characterised in terms of their surface area, contact
pH, propensity towards metal leaching, surface chemistry (via FTIR), ash content and inorganic elemental
composition. Their CWAO performance was assessed at 160 ◦C and a partial oxygen pressure of 4.2 bar
(25 bar of air) within a stirred batch reactor containing a 5 g/L phenol solution. All the carbons exhibited
catalytic activity, with the K2CO3 activated and HCl washed carbons attaining a phenol and TOC removal
that matched the performance of an activated carbon specifically manufactured for oxidative wastewater
treatment applications. A strong correlation was found between surface area and phenol or TOC
conversion, suggesting that surface area is a primary requisite for their performance in the first batch
cycle. Thus, the oxidation of phenol is thought to proceed via a free radical driven mechanism. The active
sites necessary to facilitate this mechanism, whether present as surface functional groups or active metals
(e.g., Fe), were detected on all of the sludge based activated carbons. However, no clear correlation
between phenol conversion and these active sites could be established.
CitacióMarques, R. N. [et al.]. Sewage sludge based catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol: preparation, characterisation and catalytic performance. "Applied catalysis B. Environmental", Gener 2011, vol. 101, núm. 3-4, p. 306-316.
ISSN0926-3373
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