Clusters are nowadays a strategy to achieve competitive advantages where the
relationships between technology, innovation and industrial location have come to be
essential features of regional development. Clusters from Seoul, Korea with government
intervention and initiatives of private sectors there is only one, Guro Digital Complex and in
the case of Barcelona, Spain with the government intervention and initiatives of private
sectors there is only one too and is named 22@Barcelona.
These days the new trend of the global economy, building innovative local clusters has
become one of the core strategies economic and technologic success. The first clusters
start in the United States of America and then in Europe, Asia and Middle east. Basically,
the concept of cluster is the relationship between companies and high-technology focused
particularly on consolidating the following sectors: Media, ICT (Information, Community and
Technology),. Design, Energy and Media. Cluster has the potential to attracting , retaining
and promoting foreign companies. Strategies are necessary in order to build locally
embedded innovative clusters.
The creation of a cluster involve coordination of many aspects that require new
management techniques, new government policies, public organizations, new
infrastructures, neighborhood support, etc. It also needs time and stages. In the majority of
cases, the transformation into cluster area previously took place in old industrial areas
based in manufacturing textiles, sewing, metallurgy and low tech industry.
Cluster has the advantage of space devoted to the production and creation of new housing,
enabling people to live near their workplace. By working closely with a cluster, members of
the organization have the opportunity to build relationships with industry that can facilitate
the provision of services. Otherwise, the housing area with local shops ensure the vitality of
commerce in the area.
Two different regions to study with their cultural and historical characteristics one from
Seoul and the other from Barcelona may seem on a superficial view two clusters very
similar, but an exhaustive study will find differences. The two clusters areas were originally
old industrial areas mainly based on textile and garment manufacturing between the years
1960 to 1980.
The analysis of the morphology of each cluster that takes place from the two districts will be
also one of the starting points to identify the organization and to take the positive benefits
from the two clusters for finding the best factors to the profit of both countries.
