Ponències/Comunicacions de congressoshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/797132024-03-29T12:10:00Z2024-03-29T12:10:00ZFlax fabric-reinforcement lime composite as a strengthening system for masonry materials: study of adhesionRakhsh Mahpour, AliClaramunt Blanes, JosepArdanuy Raso, MònicaRosell Amigó, Juan Ramónhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4051072024-03-25T01:41:12Z2024-03-21T15:25:01ZFlax fabric-reinforcement lime composite as a strengthening system for masonry materials: study of adhesion
Rakhsh Mahpour, Ali; Claramunt Blanes, Josep; Ardanuy Raso, Mònica; Rosell Amigó, Juan Ramón
The present study was designed to investigate the bond mechanism between flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime mortars and four different types of masonry stones. The researchers carried out a comprehensive characterization of the mortars and stones, and analyzed the interface between these materials based onbondextensionandflexuralstrength.Theresultsshowedthatbondstrengthvalues were directly related to adherence extension, which was dependent on surface treatment (such as water, lime, and latex). The flexural tests conducted on stones strengthened with the flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime composite revealed that the latex treatment showed the best performance. This study provides preliminary evidence that the use of flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime composite maybeaneffective method for masonry strengthening. However, further research is necessary to reach a comprehensive conclusion. Further studies may include an investigation of the effects of different types of latex, the influence of curing conditions on bond strength, and the long-term performance of the strengthening system. The results of this research may have important implications for the conservation and strengthening of historic masonry structures, as well as for the design of new masonry constructions.
2024-03-21T15:25:01ZRakhsh Mahpour, AliClaramunt Blanes, JosepArdanuy Raso, MònicaRosell Amigó, Juan RamónThe present study was designed to investigate the bond mechanism between flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime mortars and four different types of masonry stones. The researchers carried out a comprehensive characterization of the mortars and stones, and analyzed the interface between these materials based onbondextensionandflexuralstrength.Theresultsshowedthatbondstrengthvalues were directly related to adherence extension, which was dependent on surface treatment (such as water, lime, and latex). The flexural tests conducted on stones strengthened with the flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime composite revealed that the latex treatment showed the best performance. This study provides preliminary evidence that the use of flax nonwoven fabric reinforced lime composite maybeaneffective method for masonry strengthening. However, further research is necessary to reach a comprehensive conclusion. Further studies may include an investigation of the effects of different types of latex, the influence of curing conditions on bond strength, and the long-term performance of the strengthening system. The results of this research may have important implications for the conservation and strengthening of historic masonry structures, as well as for the design of new masonry constructions.Energy performance of ventilated façades: assessment of the steady-state and transient calculation approachesRoig Mayoral, OriolPardal March, CristinaIsalgué Buxeda, AntonioParicio Ansuátegui, Ignaciohttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4050062024-03-20T10:50:15Z2024-03-20T10:49:17ZEnergy performance of ventilated façades: assessment of the steady-state and transient calculation approaches
Roig Mayoral, Oriol; Pardal March, Cristina; Isalgué Buxeda, Antonio; Paricio Ansuátegui, Ignacio
The ventilated façade is a construction system that can prevent sunny façades from overheating. It can also be used on existing buildings as an energy rehabili-tation system, which is so necessary to make the built environment more climate resilient.
The usual systems used by architects to calculate the energy performance of the architectural enclosures consider the façade in nearly steady-state conditions, with an energy balance. In addition, they disregard the particularities of the venti-lated façade. Therefore, they cannot give accurate information about the actual thermal performance of the façade. Thus, architects lack the tools to know, in a straightforward way, the real energy performance of the designed façade and how it is affected by different design decisions.
The daily evolution of temperatures has been measured at different points of a ventilated façade. Also, a calculation system has been developed. It considers the defining parameters of the measured façade, the geometry of the environment, and the meteorological conditions. It can compute the ventilation of the cavity and the thermal performance, both in steady-state and transient conditions.
In this presentation, the measured temperatures are compared with those re-sulting from the two types of calculation: steady-state and transient. The objective is to check which one is more appropriate in order to provide a reliable design tool for architects and designers.
2024-03-20T10:49:17ZRoig Mayoral, OriolPardal March, CristinaIsalgué Buxeda, AntonioParicio Ansuátegui, IgnacioThe ventilated façade is a construction system that can prevent sunny façades from overheating. It can also be used on existing buildings as an energy rehabili-tation system, which is so necessary to make the built environment more climate resilient.
The usual systems used by architects to calculate the energy performance of the architectural enclosures consider the façade in nearly steady-state conditions, with an energy balance. In addition, they disregard the particularities of the venti-lated façade. Therefore, they cannot give accurate information about the actual thermal performance of the façade. Thus, architects lack the tools to know, in a straightforward way, the real energy performance of the designed façade and how it is affected by different design decisions.
The daily evolution of temperatures has been measured at different points of a ventilated façade. Also, a calculation system has been developed. It considers the defining parameters of the measured façade, the geometry of the environment, and the meteorological conditions. It can compute the ventilation of the cavity and the thermal performance, both in steady-state and transient conditions.
In this presentation, the measured temperatures are compared with those re-sulting from the two types of calculation: steady-state and transient. The objective is to check which one is more appropriate in order to provide a reliable design tool for architects and designers.Assessing the vehicular occupation of urban space in compact cities: some urban fabrics of BarcelonaLópez Besora, JuditAlonso Montolio, CarlosUgás Burranca, Luis SebastiánCoch Roura, Helenahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4050042024-03-20T10:30:18Z2024-03-20T10:22:36ZAssessing the vehicular occupation of urban space in compact cities: some urban fabrics of Barcelona
López Besora, Judit; Alonso Montolio, Carlos; Ugás Burranca, Luis Sebastián; Coch Roura, Helena
This paper investigates the impact of vehicular occupation on Barcelona’s urban space and its implications for public life. The quality of urban space and its impact on residents is a key concern for public administrations. The presence of road traffic significantly influences this perception. Balancing the needs of pedestrians and ensuring access to essential services requires a careful consideration of objective data in public space policies. By categorizing the city’s surface occupation into built footprint, vehicular areas, and non-vehicular spaces, the study provides an assessment. Twelve diverse neighborhoods were selected as case studies, and a combination of fieldwork and mapping techniques was employed to analyze urban space occupation. The findings reveal spatial variations in the distribution of vehicular and non-vehicular spaces across different fabrics. By integrating numerical data and visual representations, it contributes to evidence-based decision-making in urban planning. The study emphasizes the importance of data in guiding urban policies and fostering sustainable urban environments and serves as a preliminary exploration of vehicular occupation in Barcelona's urban fabric. Ultimately, the goal is to create cities that accommodate the diverse and complex activities of the city and improve the quality of life for residents.
2024-03-20T10:22:36ZLópez Besora, JuditAlonso Montolio, CarlosUgás Burranca, Luis SebastiánCoch Roura, HelenaThis paper investigates the impact of vehicular occupation on Barcelona’s urban space and its implications for public life. The quality of urban space and its impact on residents is a key concern for public administrations. The presence of road traffic significantly influences this perception. Balancing the needs of pedestrians and ensuring access to essential services requires a careful consideration of objective data in public space policies. By categorizing the city’s surface occupation into built footprint, vehicular areas, and non-vehicular spaces, the study provides an assessment. Twelve diverse neighborhoods were selected as case studies, and a combination of fieldwork and mapping techniques was employed to analyze urban space occupation. The findings reveal spatial variations in the distribution of vehicular and non-vehicular spaces across different fabrics. By integrating numerical data and visual representations, it contributes to evidence-based decision-making in urban planning. The study emphasizes the importance of data in guiding urban policies and fostering sustainable urban environments and serves as a preliminary exploration of vehicular occupation in Barcelona's urban fabric. Ultimately, the goal is to create cities that accommodate the diverse and complex activities of the city and improve the quality of life for residents.Hybridtim, design and construction of environmental high performance hybrid engineered timber buildingsHaurie Ibarra, LaiaTavousi, KamyarFadai, Alirezahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4046192024-03-14T14:15:49Z2024-03-14T14:05:23ZHybridtim, design and construction of environmental high performance hybrid engineered timber buildings
Haurie Ibarra, Laia; Tavousi, Kamyar; Fadai, Alireza
Immediate actions need to be taken to reach the sustainability target for 2050 of the European Commission for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and net zero carbon (CO2) emissions. Architects and engineering companies have already started designing hybrid timber buildings. In order to satisfy the needs of the labour market, it is necessary to prepare students with innovative applied skills in the area of design, construction and onsite construction management of hybrid timber buildings. The HybridTim project promotes sustainable, environmentally friendly design and construction of hybrid timber buildings.
2024-03-14T14:05:23ZHaurie Ibarra, LaiaTavousi, KamyarFadai, AlirezaImmediate actions need to be taken to reach the sustainability target for 2050 of the European Commission for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and net zero carbon (CO2) emissions. Architects and engineering companies have already started designing hybrid timber buildings. In order to satisfy the needs of the labour market, it is necessary to prepare students with innovative applied skills in the area of design, construction and onsite construction management of hybrid timber buildings. The HybridTim project promotes sustainable, environmentally friendly design and construction of hybrid timber buildings.Un.Building: architectural design exercises for a controlled contraction of a depopulating villageRivera Vidal, Amanda CatalinaAchenza, MaddalenaCherchi, Piero Francescohttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4037722024-03-06T08:20:13Z2024-03-06T08:16:28ZUn.Building: architectural design exercises for a controlled contraction of a depopulating village
Rivera Vidal, Amanda Catalina; Achenza, Maddalena; Cherchi, Piero Francesco
During the last A.Y. 2021-2022 the Master’s Thesis Laboratory Un.Building Architectural design exercises of controlled contraction in a depopulation village was held at the Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Architecture Engineering. The laboratory was aimed at addressing the issue of the decline of the territories and the consequent depopulation of the internal villages of Sardinia. In the last two decades the contraction of the internal areas of the island has gradually gained the attention of politics and academic research having assumed considerable dimensions and worrying evidence. The laboratory focused on this line of study and debate by investigating Fluminimaggiore, a town located in the south-western area of Sardinia, using the tools of architectural and urban planning. Fluminimaggiore is representative of the condition of demographic, social and economic contraction affecting the towns and territories belonging to the internal areas. In Fluminimaggiore depopulation took hold following the interruption of mining activities in the area, on which the town’s economy was mainly based. This has led to a phenomenon of general abandonment of private houses in the municipality which now has to manage a significant number of disused buildings. With this, undergoes a loss not only of people, but also of all those intangible values inherent the social tissue. This contribution illustrates a didactic approach that focuses on the controlled design exercise of subtraction, mending and partial addition with the intention of redefining the rearrangement of contained urban portions with the contextual application of construction techniques that use the materials of the local construction tradition with innovative and high-quality processes.
2024-03-06T08:16:28ZRivera Vidal, Amanda CatalinaAchenza, MaddalenaCherchi, Piero FrancescoDuring the last A.Y. 2021-2022 the Master’s Thesis Laboratory Un.Building Architectural design exercises of controlled contraction in a depopulation village was held at the Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Architecture Engineering. The laboratory was aimed at addressing the issue of the decline of the territories and the consequent depopulation of the internal villages of Sardinia. In the last two decades the contraction of the internal areas of the island has gradually gained the attention of politics and academic research having assumed considerable dimensions and worrying evidence. The laboratory focused on this line of study and debate by investigating Fluminimaggiore, a town located in the south-western area of Sardinia, using the tools of architectural and urban planning. Fluminimaggiore is representative of the condition of demographic, social and economic contraction affecting the towns and territories belonging to the internal areas. In Fluminimaggiore depopulation took hold following the interruption of mining activities in the area, on which the town’s economy was mainly based. This has led to a phenomenon of general abandonment of private houses in the municipality which now has to manage a significant number of disused buildings. With this, undergoes a loss not only of people, but also of all those intangible values inherent the social tissue. This contribution illustrates a didactic approach that focuses on the controlled design exercise of subtraction, mending and partial addition with the intention of redefining the rearrangement of contained urban portions with the contextual application of construction techniques that use the materials of the local construction tradition with innovative and high-quality processes.Assessing the impact of climate change and urban heat island on the city-wide building cooling demand in Barcelona using the SUECM modelAfshari, AfshinSalvati, Agnesehttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4037022024-03-04T17:20:15Z2024-03-04T17:13:41ZAssessing the impact of climate change and urban heat island on the city-wide building cooling demand in Barcelona using the SUECM model
Afshari, Afshin; Salvati, Agnese
Climate change and urban heat islands increase the use of mechanical cooling in buildings. The urban heat island (UHI) is responsible for a significant increase in the cooling load of buildings in Mediterranean cities. Furthermore, the use of air conditioning (AC) in buildings generates waste heat into the urban canopy thereby exacerbating the urban heat island (UHI) intensity. A significant increase in city-scale energy consumption and anthropogenic heat generation is expected due to climate change and the broader use of AC in buildings. This study investigates the combined effect of global warming and urban heat island intensity on the future building cooling demand. The analysis will be carried out using the standalone urban energy/climate model (SUECM) and future weather estimates.
2024-03-04T17:13:41ZAfshari, AfshinSalvati, AgneseClimate change and urban heat islands increase the use of mechanical cooling in buildings. The urban heat island (UHI) is responsible for a significant increase in the cooling load of buildings in Mediterranean cities. Furthermore, the use of air conditioning (AC) in buildings generates waste heat into the urban canopy thereby exacerbating the urban heat island (UHI) intensity. A significant increase in city-scale energy consumption and anthropogenic heat generation is expected due to climate change and the broader use of AC in buildings. This study investigates the combined effect of global warming and urban heat island intensity on the future building cooling demand. The analysis will be carried out using the standalone urban energy/climate model (SUECM) and future weather estimates.Combining research and final degree project: Improvement of the fire behaviour of bamboo. Study in the species Guadua Angustifolia and Phyllostachys Pubescens.Bedoya, Ericka VivianaAvellaneda López, AlinaHaurie Ibarra, Laiahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4036592024-03-04T10:00:16Z2024-03-04T09:54:01ZCombining research and final degree project: Improvement of the fire behaviour of bamboo. Study in the species Guadua Angustifolia and Phyllostachys Pubescens.
Bedoya, Ericka Viviana; Avellaneda López, Alina; Haurie Ibarra, Laia
Pozzolanic additions are siliceous or aluminous materials that in the presence of water react with calcium hydroxide and form compounds with cementitious abilities. Despite pozzolans take their name from the volcanic scoria from Puozzoli, they can have different origins. Industrial by-products like fly ash or blast furnace slag show pozzolanic activity and are incorporated in cement formulations.
Forest, agricultural and other plant-based residues that are used as biomass leave ashes as a residue. If the amount of ashes is significant and the composition of these ashes is rich in silica it could be an interesting source of pozzolans from a natural and renewable origin. In this abstract it is presented a preliminary study to evaluate the feasibility of different ashes from bio-based origin as pozzolanic material.
In this work, there have been obtained and characterized ashes from different plant residues: sun flower rind and pith, corn rind and pith, rice husk, Posidonia oceanica, olive pit, olive tree branches. In order to evaluate the influence of the temperature on the properties of the ashes different calcination methods were used to obtain the ashes. The chemical composition was evaluated by means of X ray fluorescence, the crystalline phases were determined by X ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the molecules. This step helped us to select the ashes with potential as pozzolan additions for a further investigation.
The results show that the use of biomass as a source of pozzolanic additions is possible if some requirements regarding the characteristics of the ashes are achieved.
2024-03-04T09:54:01ZBedoya, Ericka VivianaAvellaneda López, AlinaHaurie Ibarra, LaiaPozzolanic additions are siliceous or aluminous materials that in the presence of water react with calcium hydroxide and form compounds with cementitious abilities. Despite pozzolans take their name from the volcanic scoria from Puozzoli, they can have different origins. Industrial by-products like fly ash or blast furnace slag show pozzolanic activity and are incorporated in cement formulations.
Forest, agricultural and other plant-based residues that are used as biomass leave ashes as a residue. If the amount of ashes is significant and the composition of these ashes is rich in silica it could be an interesting source of pozzolans from a natural and renewable origin. In this abstract it is presented a preliminary study to evaluate the feasibility of different ashes from bio-based origin as pozzolanic material.
In this work, there have been obtained and characterized ashes from different plant residues: sun flower rind and pith, corn rind and pith, rice husk, Posidonia oceanica, olive pit, olive tree branches. In order to evaluate the influence of the temperature on the properties of the ashes different calcination methods were used to obtain the ashes. The chemical composition was evaluated by means of X ray fluorescence, the crystalline phases were determined by X ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the molecules. This step helped us to select the ashes with potential as pozzolan additions for a further investigation.
The results show that the use of biomass as a source of pozzolanic additions is possible if some requirements regarding the characteristics of the ashes are achieved.Fonts docmentals per a la redacció del Pla Director de la Casa BatllóBosch Prat, MireiaOlona Casas, JoanVillanueva Álvarez, Xavierhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4036522024-03-04T09:20:14Z2024-03-04T09:11:12ZFonts docmentals per a la redacció del Pla Director de la Casa Batlló
Bosch Prat, Mireia; Olona Casas, Joan; Villanueva Álvarez, Xavier
Les imatges històriques de la planta noble de la Casa Batlló, habitada el 1927, mostren envans, portes, estucs i baranes que en el període comprès entre 1955 i 1990 van ser alterats i/o eliminats. Aquest període es pot resumir en el fet que a finals de la dècada dels cinquanta, al passeig de Gràcia, la brigada municipal de l’Ajuntament de Barcelona va recollir 104 elements de fusta, entre portes, porticons i portes d’armari atribuïts a la Casa Batlló. Anys més tard, el Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya en va fer l’inventariat i avui dia es conserven en dipòsit i en part a l’exposició permanent. Aquesta alteració enorme va suposar un repte majúscul en la restauració del conjunt d’aquests espais. Les vicissituds de la planta noble i les alteracions provocades pels usos i els usuaris van comportar una modificació substancial del valor de la unitat potencial del conjunt. Prèviament a l’inici de la intervenció del 2017, es van fer una sèrie d’estudis i assaigs, principalment in situ, per conèixer, testar i determinar els diferents sistemes, metodologies i materials que s’utilitzarien. Però aquests criteris van haver d’adequar-se a dues grans problemàtiques: el desconeixement sobre les tècniques utilitzades a les restauracions anteriors i unes troballes fins ara no documentades de les tècniques constructives utilitzades per Gaudí.
2024-03-04T09:11:12ZBosch Prat, MireiaOlona Casas, JoanVillanueva Álvarez, XavierLes imatges històriques de la planta noble de la Casa Batlló, habitada el 1927, mostren envans, portes, estucs i baranes que en el període comprès entre 1955 i 1990 van ser alterats i/o eliminats. Aquest període es pot resumir en el fet que a finals de la dècada dels cinquanta, al passeig de Gràcia, la brigada municipal de l’Ajuntament de Barcelona va recollir 104 elements de fusta, entre portes, porticons i portes d’armari atribuïts a la Casa Batlló. Anys més tard, el Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya en va fer l’inventariat i avui dia es conserven en dipòsit i en part a l’exposició permanent. Aquesta alteració enorme va suposar un repte majúscul en la restauració del conjunt d’aquests espais. Les vicissituds de la planta noble i les alteracions provocades pels usos i els usuaris van comportar una modificació substancial del valor de la unitat potencial del conjunt. Prèviament a l’inici de la intervenció del 2017, es van fer una sèrie d’estudis i assaigs, principalment in situ, per conèixer, testar i determinar els diferents sistemes, metodologies i materials que s’utilitzarien. Però aquests criteris van haver d’adequar-se a dues grans problemàtiques: el desconeixement sobre les tècniques utilitzades a les restauracions anteriors i unes troballes fins ara no documentades de les tècniques constructives utilitzades per Gaudí.Sustainability-based analysis of deontological codes in technical architectureBosch González, MontserratAlva, Aleixhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/4026242024-02-22T08:30:24Z2024-02-22T08:26:53ZSustainability-based analysis of deontological codes in technical architecture
Bosch González, Montserrat; Alva, Aleix
In the context of the current climate and biodiversity emergencies, the significant impact of technical architecture in the ecosystem is by far the greatest ethical implication of the profession. As such, it should be the backbone of every up-to-date deontological code. In this work we review the extent to which current deontological codes in Spain address sustainability-related issues and provide constructive criticism with the aim to contribute to their needed improvement. We also propose an upgrade of the classical framework between client and professional that includes Nature not as a third-party issue, but as a subject in its own right.
2024-02-22T08:26:53ZBosch González, MontserratAlva, AleixIn the context of the current climate and biodiversity emergencies, the significant impact of technical architecture in the ecosystem is by far the greatest ethical implication of the profession. As such, it should be the backbone of every up-to-date deontological code. In this work we review the extent to which current deontological codes in Spain address sustainability-related issues and provide constructive criticism with the aim to contribute to their needed improvement. We also propose an upgrade of the classical framework between client and professional that includes Nature not as a third-party issue, but as a subject in its own right.Matta Sur: ejemplo de patrimonio urbano de tierra en Santiago, ChileRivera Vidal, Amanda CatalinaGómez Maestro, CarmenMarchante, Patríciahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3996292024-01-17T13:29:24Z2024-01-17T08:25:21ZMatta Sur: ejemplo de patrimonio urbano de tierra en Santiago, Chile
Rivera Vidal, Amanda Catalina; Gómez Maestro, Carmen; Marchante, Patrícia
El barrio Matta Sur es un barrio patrimonial de 189 hectáreas en el centro de Santiago de Chile, el área protegida más grande dentro de la ciudad. Esta zona fue poblada por primera vez a principios del siglo XIX con asentamientos espontáneos de 1898 y 1929. El barrio está construido con albañilerías crudas y cocidas, además de sistemas constructivos mixtos de madera y tierra, y revestimientos de tierra, combinando el conocimiento de la construcción vernácula con la planificación urbana y arquitectónica. El presente trabajo busca exponer las inteligencias constructivas de esta zona urbana, a partir del ejemplo de la transformación de la sede de la Junta de Vecino Plaza Bogotá hacia el Centro Patrimonial y Comunitario de Matta Sur y relacionarla con el actual estado de conservación, intervenciones y perspectivas de valorización. Se relatan los sistemas constructivos en su contexto urbano, así como su estado actual con su intensidad y diversidad de usos y adaptaciones. Se centra, por una parte, en la descripción de la fábrica original de los inmuebles del barrio, que incluye tanto la obra gruesa como el sistema de terminaciones; luego se expondrá el estado de conservación, con los daños y patologías que son representativas de los problemas presentes en el territorio. Por otra parte, se expondrá el trabajo realizado con los habitantes del territorio y el valor social de este patrimonio.
2024-01-17T08:25:21ZRivera Vidal, Amanda CatalinaGómez Maestro, CarmenMarchante, PatríciaEl barrio Matta Sur es un barrio patrimonial de 189 hectáreas en el centro de Santiago de Chile, el área protegida más grande dentro de la ciudad. Esta zona fue poblada por primera vez a principios del siglo XIX con asentamientos espontáneos de 1898 y 1929. El barrio está construido con albañilerías crudas y cocidas, además de sistemas constructivos mixtos de madera y tierra, y revestimientos de tierra, combinando el conocimiento de la construcción vernácula con la planificación urbana y arquitectónica. El presente trabajo busca exponer las inteligencias constructivas de esta zona urbana, a partir del ejemplo de la transformación de la sede de la Junta de Vecino Plaza Bogotá hacia el Centro Patrimonial y Comunitario de Matta Sur y relacionarla con el actual estado de conservación, intervenciones y perspectivas de valorización. Se relatan los sistemas constructivos en su contexto urbano, así como su estado actual con su intensidad y diversidad de usos y adaptaciones. Se centra, por una parte, en la descripción de la fábrica original de los inmuebles del barrio, que incluye tanto la obra gruesa como el sistema de terminaciones; luego se expondrá el estado de conservación, con los daños y patologías que son representativas de los problemas presentes en el territorio. Por otra parte, se expondrá el trabajo realizado con los habitantes del territorio y el valor social de este patrimonio.