Relationships between airport centrality and delays in the European air network

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Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between the centrality of airports in the European air network and the levels of recorded delays. Design/methodology/approach: This investigation employs a case study of the European air transport network, selecting eight European airports, over the period between 2022 and 2024. Based on official traffic and delay data, adjacency matrices and lists are constructed, and macros are developed to automate data extraction and organization. A new Weighted Betweenness Centrality formula is proposed, specifically adapted to the characteristics of air networks, and punctuality data is aggregated into monthly indicators of average delay and standard deviation for each airport. Findings: The results show that large hubs maintain high Weighted Betweenness Centrality values over time, in line with their structural role in the network. Periods with high delays and peaks of variability are revealed, with frequent parallel evolution between average delay and standard deviation. It is suggested that increased centrality, as a rule, does not necessarily imply a proportional increase in delays, although in airports such as Barcelona (BCN) and Rome (FCO) a clearer trend of increasing average delay and standard deviation with centrality is observed. Research limitations/implications: The time frame, 2022-2024, was defined based on available data, coinciding with the period of progressive recovery of the European air network in the post Covid-19 pandemic period. Originality/value: The developed macros, the proposed Weighted Betweenness Centrality formula, and the aggregation of punctuality data into monthly indicators of average delay and standard deviation for each airport, allow us to draw conclusions about the relationships between these variables.

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Rodrigues, T.; Silva, J.; Brito, E. Relationships between airport centrality and delays in the European air network. «Journal of Airline and Airport Management», Juny 2026, vol. 16, núm. 1, p. 105-139.

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2014-4806

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