Analysis of Ocean Freight Forwarding in China-U.S. Trade: Pre- and Post-COVID-19

Abstract

This project looks at the development of ocean freight forwarding between China and the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, concentrating on significant disruptions and challenges in the global supply chain. The research includes critical periods such as trade growth from 1990 to 2015, pre-pandemic dynamics, the immediate impact of the pandemic, and the industry's prospects. Applying supply chain management theories like the Theory of Constraints (TOC), the study brings up areas of weakness in logistics operations and suggests ways to improve resilience and effectiveness. It also looks at how changes in regulations, geopolitical concerns, and technology developments have affected ocean freight forwarding as it is right now. The research combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to assess the difficulties with port congestion, infrastructural constraints, and trade policy changes. The results emphasise the need for flexibility and digital innovation to maintain effective logistics operations in the context of global disruptions. Better operating strategies are suggested, with a focus on automation, blockchain, and flexible supply chains to protect the China-U.S. trade route from unexpected future challenges.