General relativistic pulsations of ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars

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Oxford University Press

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Abstract

Ultra-massive white dwarf stars are currently being discovered at a considerable rate, thanks to surveys such as the Gaia space mission. These dense and compact stellar remnants likely play a major role in Type Ia supernova explosions. It is possible to probe the interiors of ultra-massive white dwarfs through asteroseismology. In the case of the most massive white dwarfs, general relativity could affect their structure and pulsations substantially. In this work, we present results of relativistic pulsation calculations employing relativistic ultra-massive ONe-core white dwarf models with hydrogen-rich atmospheres and masses ranging from 1.29 to 1.369 M¿ with the aim of assessing the impact of general relativity on the adiabatic gravity (g)-mode period spectrum of very high mass ZZ Ceti stars. Employing the relativistic Cowling approximation for the pulsation analysis, we find that the critical buoyancy (Brunt–Väisälä) and acoustic (Lamb) frequencies are larger for the relativistic case, compared to the Newtonian case, due to the relativistic white dwarf models having smaller radii and higher gravities for a fixed stellar mass. In addition, the g-mode periods are shorter in the relativistic case than those in the Newtonian computations, with relative differences of up to ~50 per¿cent for the highest mass models (¿1.369 M¿ ¿) and for effective temperatures typical of the ZZ Ceti instability strip. Hence, the effects of general relativity on the structure, evolution, and pulsations of white dwarfs with masses larger than ~1.29 M¿ cannot be ignored in the asteroseismological analysis of ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars.

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This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record Córsico, A.H., et al. General relativistic pulsations of ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars. Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, October 2023, vol. 524, n. 4, p. 5929-5943 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2248

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Córsico, A.H. [et al.]. General relativistic pulsations of ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars. "Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", 1 Octubre 2023, vol. 524, núm. 4, p. 5929-5943.

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1365-2966

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