The project focuses on seeing how complex it is to enter the field of autonomous vehicle programming. This autonomous vehicle technology is destined to revolutionize the transportation industry in a world that is constantly evolving and growing, providing different benefits such as traffic efficiency, accessibility and road safety. Perception and decision-making algorithms and how to implement them in control systems are at the center of this TFG. Rules-based systems, machine learning and artificial intelligence will be examined and compared in the development of autonomous vehicles. The main objective of this research is to provide a deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities that the programming of autonomous cars can generate, as well as delve into the implications, both ethical and moral, of this type of technology. It is expected that this study will contribute to the knowledge of this field for those people who have no understanding of this complex and, above all, constantly evolving topic