Materials based on cellulose for e-commerce packaging
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Abstract
As a result of the pandemic and the new tax on the use of plastics in the EU, the consumption of cellulose has increased, especially for cardboard boxes as e-commerce packaging. Due to this high demand, the price of cellulose is rising considerably. It is also worth considering that in order to avoid problems with breakage during product mobility, overpackaging and the generation of more waste is a problem to be taken into account. Nature has shown us that it can optimise resources and energy, finding a balance between form, matter and function without generating waste, and building resilient, collaborative, creative and sensory models together. In fact, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci or naturalist as Ernst Haeckel already devoted themselves to observing and studying nature as a turning point in their designs and paintings. Focusing on materials, scientists such as Lynn Margulis, Janine Benyus or Stefano Mancuso have demonstrated the variety and different reproduction processes in natural ecosystems, as well as the interdependent relationship between them. And even new methodologies go beyond sustainability, and there is already talk of regenerative culture and systemic design. In other words, achieving transformative innovation through a more holistic vision and in collaboration with different entities. Following these considerations, our approach is to apply these natural systems to e-commerce packaging, obtaining a greater variety of biomaterials. For this reason we present different proposals for materials based on cellulose, one of the most abundant and renewable biopolymers on earth. We will also analyse the differences between cellulose extracted from vegetable fibre and cellulose generated from bacteria. Their properties provide us with flexibility, strength, toughness, among others, and allow us to rethink the different production processes to adapt them to each type of product and avoid generating overpackaging



