Modelisation of injectable bone tissue regeneration biomaterial for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty

Abstract

Some papers dealing qith the modelisation of injection of cement fluids in cavities like vertebras for the vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, have already been publicized. Previously, advances made in the matter were the basis of the Level Set. But those projects done on the software called COMSOL multiphysics, did not try to simulate real injections in cavities.This papers goes further on that way. Even if the experiments could not be done with real alpha-TCP, a viscous liquid was used to simulate similar conditions to the ones experienced in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. These results have benn compared to those given by the numerical problems computed on COMSOL and it has been shown taht the computational power provided by actual personal computers, is nowadays enough to obtain results approaching reality. This paper explains also how to use the Level Set mode on numerical software, and explains also the signification of the results obtained.Moreover, an opening is done by introducing the porous equations that govers the fluid flow in porous medias. To approach the real situation of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, a fluid melted with sand was injected to little pieces of sponge to see the distribution of sand inside the sponge porosity and the pressure constraints.Please note that video supports and pictures accompany major part of chapters. They are availables on the annex A of the DVD.