INTEXTER - Institut d'Investigació Tèxtil i Cooperació Industrial de Terrassahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/39592024-03-29T08:51:29Z2024-03-29T08:51:29ZLCA study of a new electrochemical and ultraviolet (EC-UV) combined system to decolourise and reuse textile saline effluents: Environmental evaluation and proposal to improve the production processÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresBuscio Olivera, ValentinaLópez Grimau, VíctorGutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmenhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1747522023-07-30T09:37:56Z2020-01-14T11:19:53ZLCA study of a new electrochemical and ultraviolet (EC-UV) combined system to decolourise and reuse textile saline effluents: Environmental evaluation and proposal to improve the production process
Álvarez del Castillo, María Dolores; Buscio Olivera, Valentina; López Grimau, Víctor; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen
In this work, the environmental performance of the reactive Jet dyeing process and the subsequent wastewater treatment currently carried out in the textile companies is compared with a new system. The developed system combines the application of an electrochemical process with ultraviolet irradiation (EC-UV) to remove colour of effluents containing reactive dyes. EC-UV system is also able to prepare the discoloured effluents for its subsequent reuse in a new dyeing process.
The developed system can operate in two modes: decolourisation and decolourisation plus reuse. This study compiles life cycle inventory data for both operation modes and compares their environmental impact with the conventional dyeing and wastewater treatment.
The results show that the EC-UV system, running in “decolourisation mode” (ED scenario), has a better environmental performance than conventional decolourisation (CD scenario), since the tertiary treatment is eliminated. The environmental assessment for CD and ED scenarios shows that the dyeing process has the largest contribution to all the impact categories, mainly caused by the consumption of Na2CO3 and NaCl. When EC-UV system is running to treat and reuse water and salt (EDR scenario), the reconstitution step process, necessary to reuse effluents, has a great contribution in most of the impact categories. Based on the obtained results, a modification in the dyeing process has also been evaluated. The proposed modification substitutes the use of Na2CO3 by NaOH in the dyeing process, causing a great environmental improvement in all the impact categories for the EDR scenario, being this scenario the one with better environmental performance.
2020-01-14T11:19:53ZÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresBuscio Olivera, ValentinaLópez Grimau, VíctorGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenIn this work, the environmental performance of the reactive Jet dyeing process and the subsequent wastewater treatment currently carried out in the textile companies is compared with a new system. The developed system combines the application of an electrochemical process with ultraviolet irradiation (EC-UV) to remove colour of effluents containing reactive dyes. EC-UV system is also able to prepare the discoloured effluents for its subsequent reuse in a new dyeing process.
The developed system can operate in two modes: decolourisation and decolourisation plus reuse. This study compiles life cycle inventory data for both operation modes and compares their environmental impact with the conventional dyeing and wastewater treatment.
The results show that the EC-UV system, running in “decolourisation mode” (ED scenario), has a better environmental performance than conventional decolourisation (CD scenario), since the tertiary treatment is eliminated. The environmental assessment for CD and ED scenarios shows that the dyeing process has the largest contribution to all the impact categories, mainly caused by the consumption of Na2CO3 and NaCl. When EC-UV system is running to treat and reuse water and salt (EDR scenario), the reconstitution step process, necessary to reuse effluents, has a great contribution in most of the impact categories. Based on the obtained results, a modification in the dyeing process has also been evaluated. The proposed modification substitutes the use of Na2CO3 by NaOH in the dyeing process, causing a great environmental improvement in all the impact categories for the EDR scenario, being this scenario the one with better environmental performance.Production and evaluation of antimicrobial microcapsules with essential oils using complex coacervationLopez, ArianneLis Arias, Manuel JoséMaesta Bezerra, FabricioVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesValles, BetinaPrieto, RemediosSimo, Mercedeshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1684212021-05-20T14:12:37Z2019-09-19T10:57:30ZProduction and evaluation of antimicrobial microcapsules with essential oils using complex coacervation
Lopez, Arianne; Lis Arias, Manuel José; Maesta Bezerra, Fabricio; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes; Valles, Betina; Prieto, Remedios; Simo, Mercedes
Nowadays, the needs and requirements to avoid infections during surgical operations, require to be more imaginative than ever. The one-use textiles substrates that are used in hospitals can be, also, a way to transport the antibacterial effect around the own building. This is the main objective of this work; to use clothes and textiles surfaces as antibacterial systems using natural components. Microencapsulation has shown in several occasions the effectivity to protect and vehiculize active principles that can be used for medical treatments. In this case, essential oils have been used as antimicrobial agent, that when combined with shell polymers based on Chitosan of different molecular weight distribution and Arabic gum, allows them to act against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. The study of the efficiency of all the samples made gave a high value due to its character similar to hydrogels, while the determination of solids was higher when it was a question of samples made with a low molecular weight. The essential oil used has a very volatile character formed by more than 40 components and with the help of FT-IR and TGA it has been possible to corroborate that all its components were encapsulated. The impregnation of the different samples to the tissue was successful and allowed the antibacterial study to be carried out, which was carried out in duplicate on each sample and demonstrated that they have bacterial activity
2019-09-19T10:57:30ZLopez, ArianneLis Arias, Manuel JoséMaesta Bezerra, FabricioVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesValles, BetinaPrieto, RemediosSimo, MercedesNowadays, the needs and requirements to avoid infections during surgical operations, require to be more imaginative than ever. The one-use textiles substrates that are used in hospitals can be, also, a way to transport the antibacterial effect around the own building. This is the main objective of this work; to use clothes and textiles surfaces as antibacterial systems using natural components. Microencapsulation has shown in several occasions the effectivity to protect and vehiculize active principles that can be used for medical treatments. In this case, essential oils have been used as antimicrobial agent, that when combined with shell polymers based on Chitosan of different molecular weight distribution and Arabic gum, allows them to act against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. The study of the efficiency of all the samples made gave a high value due to its character similar to hydrogels, while the determination of solids was higher when it was a question of samples made with a low molecular weight. The essential oil used has a very volatile character formed by more than 40 components and with the help of FT-IR and TGA it has been possible to corroborate that all its components were encapsulated. The impregnation of the different samples to the tissue was successful and allowed the antibacterial study to be carried out, which was carried out in duplicate on each sample and demonstrated that they have bacterial activityRespirometric study of optical brighteners in textile wastewaterSalas Olivares, Héctor ManuelGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenLópez Grimau, VíctorVilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedeshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1677442023-07-30T07:29:48Z2019-08-27T14:46:40ZRespirometric study of optical brighteners in textile wastewater
Salas Olivares, Héctor Manuel; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; López Grimau, Víctor; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes
Optical brighteners (OBs) are colorless fluorescent dyes, widely used in industry to improve whiteness in materials. Nearly 80% of all OBs in the market are derivatives of stilbene. They absorb the near-ultraviolet light and re-emit most of it in the blue range as visible fluorescence. OBs are commonly applied on textiles, detergents, paper and plastic products, among others. OBs have a low degradation ratio. In biological plants, they can only be partially removed by adsorption into the sludge and a tertiary treatment could be required to fully remove them. Part of them may persist and can be found in river and lake waters. The current work aims to evaluate the effect of the OBs in the bacterial activity of biological wastewater treatment plants. The influence of two commercial OBs (Goldblanc BHA and Leucophor PC) on respiration rate was monitored by means of a semi-continuous electrolytic respirometer, in order to obtain information related to the growth of the biomass and the degradation of the substrate. Their acute toxicity was also determined. It was concluded that the OB effect on bacteria population is variable depending on its chemical structure. Unlike the former, the Leucophor-PC brightener had an impact on the respirometric rate.
2019-08-27T14:46:40ZSalas Olivares, Héctor ManuelGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenLópez Grimau, VíctorVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesOptical brighteners (OBs) are colorless fluorescent dyes, widely used in industry to improve whiteness in materials. Nearly 80% of all OBs in the market are derivatives of stilbene. They absorb the near-ultraviolet light and re-emit most of it in the blue range as visible fluorescence. OBs are commonly applied on textiles, detergents, paper and plastic products, among others. OBs have a low degradation ratio. In biological plants, they can only be partially removed by adsorption into the sludge and a tertiary treatment could be required to fully remove them. Part of them may persist and can be found in river and lake waters. The current work aims to evaluate the effect of the OBs in the bacterial activity of biological wastewater treatment plants. The influence of two commercial OBs (Goldblanc BHA and Leucophor PC) on respiration rate was monitored by means of a semi-continuous electrolytic respirometer, in order to obtain information related to the growth of the biomass and the degradation of the substrate. Their acute toxicity was also determined. It was concluded that the OB effect on bacteria population is variable depending on its chemical structure. Unlike the former, the Leucophor-PC brightener had an impact on the respirometric rate.Microplastics' emissions: microfibers’ detachment from textile garmentsBelzagui Elder, FranciscoCrespi Rosell, MartinÁlvarez Sánchez, AntonioGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenVilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedeshttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1670962023-07-30T05:35:17Z2019-07-30T09:41:27ZMicroplastics' emissions: microfibers’ detachment from textile garments
Belzagui Elder, Francisco; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Álvarez Sánchez, Antonio; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes
Microplastics (synthetic polymers <5¿mm) have been recently recognized as a big environmental concern, as their ubiquity is an undeniable fact. Their wide variety regarding shapes, sizes, and materials turn them into an intrinsically risky pollutant capable of causing several environmental impacts. Textile microfibers (MF) are a microplastic sub-group. These are mostly shed when a normal laundry of any garment takes place. Special attention has been put onto them, as high concentrations have been found in products for human consumption as shellfish and tap water. However, as there is no consensus on the methodologies to quantify and report the results of MFs detached from textile garments, the degree of similarity between published studies is very low. Hence, the aim of this research was to evaluate the microfibers’ detachment rates of finished garments and to provide a set of comparable units to report the results. These were found to range between 175 and 560¿MF/g or 30000–465000¿MF/m2 of garment. In addition, there was a high correlation between the MF detachment and the textile article superficial density. Finally, our results were compared with a recent paper that estimated the annual mass flow of MFs to the oceans. This previous publication is 30 times higher when related to the mass but 40 times lower if related to the number of MFs
2019-07-30T09:41:27ZBelzagui Elder, FranciscoCrespi Rosell, MartinÁlvarez Sánchez, AntonioGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesMicroplastics (synthetic polymers <5¿mm) have been recently recognized as a big environmental concern, as their ubiquity is an undeniable fact. Their wide variety regarding shapes, sizes, and materials turn them into an intrinsically risky pollutant capable of causing several environmental impacts. Textile microfibers (MF) are a microplastic sub-group. These are mostly shed when a normal laundry of any garment takes place. Special attention has been put onto them, as high concentrations have been found in products for human consumption as shellfish and tap water. However, as there is no consensus on the methodologies to quantify and report the results of MFs detached from textile garments, the degree of similarity between published studies is very low. Hence, the aim of this research was to evaluate the microfibers’ detachment rates of finished garments and to provide a set of comparable units to report the results. These were found to range between 175 and 560¿MF/g or 30000–465000¿MF/m2 of garment. In addition, there was a high correlation between the MF detachment and the textile article superficial density. Finally, our results were compared with a recent paper that estimated the annual mass flow of MFs to the oceans. This previous publication is 30 times higher when related to the mass but 40 times lower if related to the number of MFsReducing the environmental impact of textile industry by reusing residual salts and water: ECUVal systemBuscio Olivera, ValentinaLópez Grimau, VíctorÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresGutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmenhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1330012023-07-30T09:21:19Z2019-05-15T11:59:40ZReducing the environmental impact of textile industry by reusing residual salts and water: ECUVal system
Buscio Olivera, Valentina; López Grimau, Víctor; Álvarez del Castillo, María Dolores; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen
The textile industry is one of the largest consumers of water in the world and its wastewater constitutes a serious problem when it is discharged without the proper treatment. Different techniques are being applied for treating textile effluents. But, as far as we know, none of them consider the reuse of the clarified effluents.
In this work, a recently developed wastewater system named ECUVal is proposed to treat and subsequently reuse the effluents generated by the dyeing process of a textile mill, which usually have high dyes and salt content. With this system, a reduction of water and salt consumption is achieved and simultaneously the volume of discharged effluents is also reduced.
The ECUVal system is based on an electrochemical treatment assisted by UV irradiation. The system is able to remove colour completely. Colour removal efficiencies between 64 and 99% were obtained depending on the intensity applied. Moreover, the treated effluents are reconstituted in the system to be reused in new dyeing processes. Thus, 70% of water and up to 72% of salt reuse was achieved. The chromatic coordinates of fabrics dyed with the treated effluent were evaluated with respect to reference ones. Dyeings performed with reused effluents were in general into the acceptance limit of the textile industry (DECMC(2:1)¿=¿1).
Finally, the environmental impact of the wastewater treatment currently performed in the textile companies was compared with respect to the ECUVal treatment by means of life cycle assessment. It was concluded that the use of the system reduces significantly the environmental impact of the textile industry.
2019-05-15T11:59:40ZBuscio Olivera, ValentinaLópez Grimau, VíctorÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenThe textile industry is one of the largest consumers of water in the world and its wastewater constitutes a serious problem when it is discharged without the proper treatment. Different techniques are being applied for treating textile effluents. But, as far as we know, none of them consider the reuse of the clarified effluents.
In this work, a recently developed wastewater system named ECUVal is proposed to treat and subsequently reuse the effluents generated by the dyeing process of a textile mill, which usually have high dyes and salt content. With this system, a reduction of water and salt consumption is achieved and simultaneously the volume of discharged effluents is also reduced.
The ECUVal system is based on an electrochemical treatment assisted by UV irradiation. The system is able to remove colour completely. Colour removal efficiencies between 64 and 99% were obtained depending on the intensity applied. Moreover, the treated effluents are reconstituted in the system to be reused in new dyeing processes. Thus, 70% of water and up to 72% of salt reuse was achieved. The chromatic coordinates of fabrics dyed with the treated effluent were evaluated with respect to reference ones. Dyeings performed with reused effluents were in general into the acceptance limit of the textile industry (DECMC(2:1)¿=¿1).
Finally, the environmental impact of the wastewater treatment currently performed in the textile companies was compared with respect to the ECUVal treatment by means of life cycle assessment. It was concluded that the use of the system reduces significantly the environmental impact of the textile industry.Kinetic models for the electrochemical decolouration of two reactive azo dyesLópez Grimau, VíctorPepió Viñals, MontserratGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenBuscio Olivera, Valentinahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1269832023-07-30T10:05:34Z2019-01-16T15:04:08ZKinetic models for the electrochemical decolouration of two reactive azo dyes
López Grimau, Víctor; Pepió Viñals, Montserrat; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Buscio Olivera, Valentina
In this work, the indirect oxidation of two azo dyes (Colour Index Reactive Orange 4 and 13) was performed in an electrochemical batch cell in the presence of chloride as an electrolyte. The effect of different operational parameters on the electrochemical treatment was tested. Kinetic plots consisting of two linear portions were obtained in some experiments. The rate constants and the breaking point between the two linear portions were modelled to evaluate the influence of dye concentration, conductivity and pH. Good correlation between the experimental and the modelled constants and breaking points was observed. Models showed that the dye concentration is the most significant factor in the electrochemical treatment of both dyes, although conductivity and pH were also significant either individually or in interaction with other factors.
2019-01-16T15:04:08ZLópez Grimau, VíctorPepió Viñals, MontserratGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenBuscio Olivera, ValentinaIn this work, the indirect oxidation of two azo dyes (Colour Index Reactive Orange 4 and 13) was performed in an electrochemical batch cell in the presence of chloride as an electrolyte. The effect of different operational parameters on the electrochemical treatment was tested. Kinetic plots consisting of two linear portions were obtained in some experiments. The rate constants and the breaking point between the two linear portions were modelled to evaluate the influence of dye concentration, conductivity and pH. Good correlation between the experimental and the modelled constants and breaking points was observed. Models showed that the dye concentration is the most significant factor in the electrochemical treatment of both dyes, although conductivity and pH were also significant either individually or in interaction with other factors.Reducing environmental impact of textile waste water by natural coagulants and reuse of effluentsSalas Olivares, Héctor ManuelLópez Grimau, VíctorVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesCrespi Rosell, MartinGutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmenhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1190842023-07-30T03:21:47Z2018-07-06T11:34:10ZReducing environmental impact of textile waste water by natural coagulants and reuse of effluents
Salas Olivares, Héctor Manuel; López Grimau, Víctor; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen
Water scarcity is a global problem, therefore the reuse and recycling of water is promoted in all sectors and it is a real alternative for the conservation of water resources. The industrial sector is a key point in the reuse of water as it is a major consumer of this precious resource. The textile industry consumes more than one hundred liters of water per kilogram of finished fabric during the dyeing and finishing processes. The wastewater generated by this industry is generally coloured and can also contain other recalcitrant compounds. In addition, some textile effluents have high salinity and are highly alkaline. In this work, a new treatment using a natural coagulant, Moringa Oleifera extract, is presented. Coagulant solution was made from moringa seed ground degreased and was tested at variable concentration (1000–5000 mg/l) on different dyeing wastewater samples. Exhausted dyeing liquors and residual washing baths samples were efficiently treated. Up to 90% colour removal was achieved, preserving at the same time the alkaline and saline properties of the water. Consequently, the treated effluents could be reused in new dyeing processes with successful results. It was shown that the implementation of this practice would have considerable environmental and economic benefits.
2018-07-06T11:34:10ZSalas Olivares, Héctor ManuelLópez Grimau, VíctorVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesCrespi Rosell, MartinGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenWater scarcity is a global problem, therefore the reuse and recycling of water is promoted in all sectors and it is a real alternative for the conservation of water resources. The industrial sector is a key point in the reuse of water as it is a major consumer of this precious resource. The textile industry consumes more than one hundred liters of water per kilogram of finished fabric during the dyeing and finishing processes. The wastewater generated by this industry is generally coloured and can also contain other recalcitrant compounds. In addition, some textile effluents have high salinity and are highly alkaline. In this work, a new treatment using a natural coagulant, Moringa Oleifera extract, is presented. Coagulant solution was made from moringa seed ground degreased and was tested at variable concentration (1000–5000 mg/l) on different dyeing wastewater samples. Exhausted dyeing liquors and residual washing baths samples were efficiently treated. Up to 90% colour removal was achieved, preserving at the same time the alkaline and saline properties of the water. Consequently, the treated effluents could be reused in new dyeing processes with successful results. It was shown that the implementation of this practice would have considerable environmental and economic benefits.Influence of a mixture of metals on PAHs biodegradation processes in soilsBaltrons, OriolLópez Mesas, MontserratVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenLe Derf, FranckPortet-Koltalo, FlorencePalet, Cristinahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1181932023-07-30T04:24:59Z2018-06-20T10:44:21ZInfluence of a mixture of metals on PAHs biodegradation processes in soils
Baltrons, Oriol; López Mesas, Montserrat; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Le Derf, Franck; Portet-Koltalo, Florence; Palet, Cristina
In order to assess the effect of mixed pollutants, the influence of different concentration levels of a mixture of metals (Cr, Co, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn) on the biodegradation of some PAHs (phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) in soil samples was evaluated. To do so, groups of microcosms of a natural soil fromthe region of Sabadell (Barcelona, Spain)were prepared as a reproduction of the native environment at laboratory scale, under controlled conditions. Mixtures of PAHs and metals were carefully selected, according to soil characterization and microbiological growth preliminary assays, and were added to microcosms. These microcosms were analyzed at various times, along two months, to obtain PAHs dissipation time-courses. A first-order kinetic modelling allowed obtaining different rate constants and DT50 values as a function of the metal levels introduced in microcosms. As a general observation, the higher the concentration of metals, the lower the biodegradation of PAHs of 3–4 rings (phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene). On the other hand, no important effect on the biodegradation of higher molecular weight PAHs (benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) was observed at the different concentration levels of metals tested
2018-06-20T10:44:21ZBaltrons, OriolLópez Mesas, MontserratVilaseca Vallvé, M. MercedesGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenLe Derf, FranckPortet-Koltalo, FlorencePalet, CristinaIn order to assess the effect of mixed pollutants, the influence of different concentration levels of a mixture of metals (Cr, Co, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn) on the biodegradation of some PAHs (phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) in soil samples was evaluated. To do so, groups of microcosms of a natural soil fromthe region of Sabadell (Barcelona, Spain)were prepared as a reproduction of the native environment at laboratory scale, under controlled conditions. Mixtures of PAHs and metals were carefully selected, according to soil characterization and microbiological growth preliminary assays, and were added to microcosms. These microcosms were analyzed at various times, along two months, to obtain PAHs dissipation time-courses. A first-order kinetic modelling allowed obtaining different rate constants and DT50 values as a function of the metal levels introduced in microcosms. As a general observation, the higher the concentration of metals, the lower the biodegradation of PAHs of 3–4 rings (phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene). On the other hand, no important effect on the biodegradation of higher molecular weight PAHs (benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) was observed at the different concentration levels of metals testedCombining electrochemistry and UV for the simultaneous wastewater decolorization and reduction of salinityGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenBuscio Olivera, Valentinahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1170942023-07-30T06:51:47Z2018-05-10T12:42:04ZCombining electrochemistry and UV for the simultaneous wastewater decolorization and reduction of salinity
Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Buscio Olivera, Valentina
Textile dyeing processes with reactive dyes consume high amount of water and generate wastewater containing residual dyes and salts. In this work, wastewater generated by a textile industry was treated by means of electrochemical techniques combined with ultraviolet irradiation. Five industrial wastewaters were collected in a textile mill and were treated at 10 A in an electrochemical cell. Full color removal was obtained after 10 minutes of treatment. The optimization of the electrochemical treatment was performed in order to select the most suitable conditions. Subsequently the decolorized effluents, which still contain salts, were irradiated with UV light to remove residual oxidants and were reconstituted for its reuse. This procedure enabled to reuse 70% water and 64% salt in the dyeing process. The chromatic coordinates of these dyed samples were evaluated with respect to reference ones. In all cases, samples dyed with the reused effluents showed colour differences into acceptance limit of the textile industry (DECMC(2:1) values lower than 1)
2018-05-10T12:42:04ZGutiérrez Bouzán, María CarmenBuscio Olivera, ValentinaTextile dyeing processes with reactive dyes consume high amount of water and generate wastewater containing residual dyes and salts. In this work, wastewater generated by a textile industry was treated by means of electrochemical techniques combined with ultraviolet irradiation. Five industrial wastewaters were collected in a textile mill and were treated at 10 A in an electrochemical cell. Full color removal was obtained after 10 minutes of treatment. The optimization of the electrochemical treatment was performed in order to select the most suitable conditions. Subsequently the decolorized effluents, which still contain salts, were irradiated with UV light to remove residual oxidants and were reconstituted for its reuse. This procedure enabled to reuse 70% water and 64% salt in the dyeing process. The chromatic coordinates of these dyed samples were evaluated with respect to reference ones. In all cases, samples dyed with the reused effluents showed colour differences into acceptance limit of the textile industry (DECMC(2:1) values lower than 1)Effect of chemical treatments and additives on properties of chicken feathers thermoplastic biocompositesCasadesús Fusté, MartaMacanás de Benito, JorgeColom Fajula, XavierCañavate Ávila, Francisco JavierÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresGarrido Soriano, NúriaMolins Duran, GemmaCarrillo Navarrete, Fernandohttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1161662022-09-11T12:32:21Z2018-04-11T11:10:37ZEffect of chemical treatments and additives on properties of chicken feathers thermoplastic biocomposites
Casadesús Fusté, Marta; Macanás de Benito, Jorge; Colom Fajula, Xavier; Cañavate Ávila, Francisco Javier; Álvarez del Castillo, María Dolores; Garrido Soriano, Núria; Molins Duran, Gemma; Carrillo Navarrete, Fernando
The valorization of chicken feathers (CFs) waste was researched in this work through the preparation of composites using ground chicken feathers as a filler (20 % v/v) and polypropylene (PP) or low-density polyethylene (LDPE) matrices. In order to improve the compatibility between CFs and the matrixes two different strategies were followed. First, by the chemical modification of the CFs by either acetylation or silanization and, second, by the addition of adhesion promoters like maleated polypropylene (MAPP) and maleatead polyethylene (MAPE). The effect of those treatments on the physical, mechanical and structural properties of the thermoplastic-CFs biocomposites, which are mainly related to the fibre–matrix compatibility, was analyzed. Results show that the addition of 20 % (vol/vol) of unmodified CFs to the thermoplastic matrices results in a significant decrease of the tensile strength associated to a weak interfacial adhesion was assessed by SEM. However, when the adhesion promoters were added to the mixture, a significant increase in the tensile strength was noticed, particularly when the composites were obtained by a process at 180 °C. On the contrary, acetylation and silane treatments of the CFs did not result in any practical improvement of the macroscopic properties of the biocomposites
2018-04-11T11:10:37ZCasadesús Fusté, MartaMacanás de Benito, JorgeColom Fajula, XavierCañavate Ávila, Francisco JavierÁlvarez del Castillo, María DoloresGarrido Soriano, NúriaMolins Duran, GemmaCarrillo Navarrete, FernandoThe valorization of chicken feathers (CFs) waste was researched in this work through the preparation of composites using ground chicken feathers as a filler (20 % v/v) and polypropylene (PP) or low-density polyethylene (LDPE) matrices. In order to improve the compatibility between CFs and the matrixes two different strategies were followed. First, by the chemical modification of the CFs by either acetylation or silanization and, second, by the addition of adhesion promoters like maleated polypropylene (MAPP) and maleatead polyethylene (MAPE). The effect of those treatments on the physical, mechanical and structural properties of the thermoplastic-CFs biocomposites, which are mainly related to the fibre–matrix compatibility, was analyzed. Results show that the addition of 20 % (vol/vol) of unmodified CFs to the thermoplastic matrices results in a significant decrease of the tensile strength associated to a weak interfacial adhesion was assessed by SEM. However, when the adhesion promoters were added to the mixture, a significant increase in the tensile strength was noticed, particularly when the composites were obtained by a process at 180 °C. On the contrary, acetylation and silane treatments of the CFs did not result in any practical improvement of the macroscopic properties of the biocomposites