Capítols de llibrehttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/38422024-03-28T19:32:23Z2024-03-28T19:32:23ZInfluence of HFM thermal contact on the accuracy of In situ measurements of façades’ U-Value in operational stageGaspar Fàbregas, KàtiaCasals Casanova, MiquelGangolells Solanellas, Martahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3814802023-01-30T12:00:28Z2023-01-30T11:51:42ZInfluence of HFM thermal contact on the accuracy of In situ measurements of façades’ U-Value in operational stage
Gaspar Fàbregas, Kàtia; Casals Casanova, Miquel; Gangolells Solanellas, Marta
Accurate information on the actual thermal transmittance of walls is vital to select appropriate energy-saving measures in existing buildings to meet the commitments of the European Green Deal. To obtain accurate results using the heat flow meter (HFM) method, good thermal contact must be madebetween the heat flow meter plate and the wall surface. This paper aimed to assess the influence of the non-perfect thermal contact of heat flow meter plates on the accuracy of in situ measurement of the façades’ U-value when a film was applied to avoid damage to the wall surface. Given the fact that to avoid harm to the wall surface, the laying of a film is a usual procedure in the installation of equipment during the building’s operational stage. The findings show that deviations between measured U-values when an HFM was installed directly on the wall surface and when an HFMwasinstalled with a PVC film were found to differ significantly from the theoretical effect of including a PVC film during the monitoring process.
2023-01-30T11:51:42ZGaspar Fàbregas, KàtiaCasals Casanova, MiquelGangolells Solanellas, MartaAccurate information on the actual thermal transmittance of walls is vital to select appropriate energy-saving measures in existing buildings to meet the commitments of the European Green Deal. To obtain accurate results using the heat flow meter (HFM) method, good thermal contact must be madebetween the heat flow meter plate and the wall surface. This paper aimed to assess the influence of the non-perfect thermal contact of heat flow meter plates on the accuracy of in situ measurement of the façades’ U-value when a film was applied to avoid damage to the wall surface. Given the fact that to avoid harm to the wall surface, the laying of a film is a usual procedure in the installation of equipment during the building’s operational stage. The findings show that deviations between measured U-values when an HFM was installed directly on the wall surface and when an HFMwasinstalled with a PVC film were found to differ significantly from the theoretical effect of including a PVC film during the monitoring process.Gamification and household energy saving: insights from the EnerGAware projectCasals Casanova, MiquelGangolells Solanellas, MartaMacarulla Martí, MarcelForcada Matheu, Núriahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3737492022-09-30T08:00:17Z2022-09-30T07:54:11ZGamification and household energy saving: insights from the EnerGAware project
Casals Casanova, Miquel; Gangolells Solanellas, Marta; Macarulla Martí, Marcel; Forcada Matheu, Núria
Buildings are responsible for 40% of the EU's total energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Although difficult to quantify, individuals' attitudes to energy use significantly impact the energy consumed in households. In this context, serious games provide an opportunity to enhance buildings' energy efficiency through changes in users' behaviour. This chapter presents the results obtained in the EnerGAware-Energy Game for Awareness of energy efficiency in social housing communities project (2015–2018), funded by EU H2020. The project developed a serious game for household energy efficiency called “Energy Cat: The House of Tomorrow.” The game was deployed and tested in a UK social housing pilot for one year. Cost-benefit analysis in the energy, environmental, and economic domains prove that serious gaming is among the most cost-effective energy efficiency strategies for households on the market
2022-09-30T07:54:11ZCasals Casanova, MiquelGangolells Solanellas, MartaMacarulla Martí, MarcelForcada Matheu, NúriaBuildings are responsible for 40% of the EU's total energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Although difficult to quantify, individuals' attitudes to energy use significantly impact the energy consumed in households. In this context, serious games provide an opportunity to enhance buildings' energy efficiency through changes in users' behaviour. This chapter presents the results obtained in the EnerGAware-Energy Game for Awareness of energy efficiency in social housing communities project (2015–2018), funded by EU H2020. The project developed a serious game for household energy efficiency called “Energy Cat: The House of Tomorrow.” The game was deployed and tested in a UK social housing pilot for one year. Cost-benefit analysis in the energy, environmental, and economic domains prove that serious gaming is among the most cost-effective energy efficiency strategies for households on the marketIntegrating Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis in H-BIMBienvenido-Huertas, DavidTejedor Herrán, BlancaCarretero Ayuso, Manuel J.Rodríguez Jiménez, Carlos ETorres Gonzalez, Martahttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3677612022-05-27T09:39:41Z2022-05-26T17:39:56ZIntegrating Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis in H-BIM
Bienvenido-Huertas, David; Tejedor Herrán, Blanca; Carretero Ayuso, Manuel J.; Rodríguez Jiménez, Carlos E; Torres Gonzalez, Marta
Managing historic buildings is a process in which workers responsible for this task require many time resources. Its optimization through several techniques, such as artificial intelligence, reduces the time related to decision-making. This chapter develops a procedure to generate intelligent GDL objects to predict or estimate the responses required to manage heritage elements in historic buildings. For this purpose, the models developed through data mining procedures in GDL objects in Building Information Modelling (BIM) platforms are combined with their application to historic buildings: Heritage Building Information Modelling (H-BIM). Thus, intelligent BIM models are developed to meet the needs of the technicians responsible for maintaining historic buildings. The responses given by the intelligent objects could be qualitative or quantitative. This methodology would be useful to reduce both the time of decision-making and the data analysis by visualizing them in a three-dimensional model of the historic building. Thus, this is a technique designed to optimize the management of the heritage elements in historic buildings.
2022-05-26T17:39:56ZBienvenido-Huertas, DavidTejedor Herrán, BlancaCarretero Ayuso, Manuel J.Rodríguez Jiménez, Carlos ETorres Gonzalez, MartaManaging historic buildings is a process in which workers responsible for this task require many time resources. Its optimization through several techniques, such as artificial intelligence, reduces the time related to decision-making. This chapter develops a procedure to generate intelligent GDL objects to predict or estimate the responses required to manage heritage elements in historic buildings. For this purpose, the models developed through data mining procedures in GDL objects in Building Information Modelling (BIM) platforms are combined with their application to historic buildings: Heritage Building Information Modelling (H-BIM). Thus, intelligent BIM models are developed to meet the needs of the technicians responsible for maintaining historic buildings. The responses given by the intelligent objects could be qualitative or quantitative. This methodology would be useful to reduce both the time of decision-making and the data analysis by visualizing them in a three-dimensional model of the historic building. Thus, this is a technique designed to optimize the management of the heritage elements in historic buildings.Comparative Analysis of the Influence of the Convective Term in the Quantitative Assessment by Infrared ThermographyBienvenido-Huertas, DavidTejedor Herrán, BlancaMarin Garcia, DavidDurán Álvarez, Joaquín Manuelhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3677602022-05-27T09:47:28Z2022-05-26T17:26:20ZComparative Analysis of the Influence of the Convective Term in the Quantitative Assessment by Infrared Thermography
Bienvenido-Huertas, David; Tejedor Herrán, Blanca; Marin Garcia, David; Durán Álvarez, Joaquín Manuel
Envelope thermal transmittance strongly influences building energy consumption, so there is a significant interest in using methods that assess it accurately. The quantitative infrared thermography method is among the most studied methods to assess thermal transmittance as this method could be used to analyse building envelopes qualitatively and quantitatively. However, its main limitation is the great variety of approaches. Their greater differences are the convective heat transfer coefficient and the place from which the measurement is carried out. This chapter comparatively analyses the experimental results obtained in previous studies. The analysis showed that the approaches from the interior using expressions of adimensional numbers allow accurate characterizations of thermal transmittance to be obtained.
2022-05-26T17:26:20ZBienvenido-Huertas, DavidTejedor Herrán, BlancaMarin Garcia, DavidDurán Álvarez, Joaquín ManuelEnvelope thermal transmittance strongly influences building energy consumption, so there is a significant interest in using methods that assess it accurately. The quantitative infrared thermography method is among the most studied methods to assess thermal transmittance as this method could be used to analyse building envelopes qualitatively and quantitatively. However, its main limitation is the great variety of approaches. Their greater differences are the convective heat transfer coefficient and the place from which the measurement is carried out. This chapter comparatively analyses the experimental results obtained in previous studies. The analysis showed that the approaches from the interior using expressions of adimensional numbers allow accurate characterizations of thermal transmittance to be obtained.Combining Characterization Tests of Building Envelope Thermal Transmittance with the Acoustic Characterization Through Data Mining ApproachesBerti, KriziaTejedor Herrán, BlancaDurán Álvarez, Joaquín ManuelBienvenido-Huertas, Davidhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3677582022-05-27T09:41:29Z2022-05-26T17:08:56ZCombining Characterization Tests of Building Envelope Thermal Transmittance with the Acoustic Characterization Through Data Mining Approaches
Berti, Krizia; Tejedor Herrán, Blanca; Durán Álvarez, Joaquín Manuel; Bienvenido-Huertas, David
Climate change has forced many sectors to establish measures to achieve decarbonisation. Building is amongst these sectors with the greatest challenge. To achieve decarbonisation, energy improvement measures should be established. These improvement measures depend on an appropriate characterization of the existing buildings. For this purpose, there are many experimental tests based on measuring envelope variables, such as surface temperature and heat flow. Thus, thermal parameters of envelopes could be accurately known. In view of this circumstance, the question arises as to whether it is possible to know other envelope parameters additionally, such as sound insulation. The previous studies have shown the feasibility of characterizing envelope variables through artificial intelligence predictive models. Thus, this study characterizes sound insulation by using these predictive models with the variables obtained from the thermal monitoring of an envelope through thermal transmittance tests.
2022-05-26T17:08:56ZBerti, KriziaTejedor Herrán, BlancaDurán Álvarez, Joaquín ManuelBienvenido-Huertas, DavidClimate change has forced many sectors to establish measures to achieve decarbonisation. Building is amongst these sectors with the greatest challenge. To achieve decarbonisation, energy improvement measures should be established. These improvement measures depend on an appropriate characterization of the existing buildings. For this purpose, there are many experimental tests based on measuring envelope variables, such as surface temperature and heat flow. Thus, thermal parameters of envelopes could be accurately known. In view of this circumstance, the question arises as to whether it is possible to know other envelope parameters additionally, such as sound insulation. The previous studies have shown the feasibility of characterizing envelope variables through artificial intelligence predictive models. Thus, this study characterizes sound insulation by using these predictive models with the variables obtained from the thermal monitoring of an envelope through thermal transmittance tests.Application of Qualitative and Quantitative Infrared Thermography at Urban Level: Potentials and LimitationsTejedor Herrán, BlancaLucchi, ElenaNardi, Iolehttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/3677532022-05-27T09:39:43Z2022-05-26T16:33:41ZApplication of Qualitative and Quantitative Infrared Thermography at Urban Level: Potentials and Limitations
Tejedor Herrán, Blanca; Lucchi, Elena; Nardi, Iole
In recent years, the usefulness of infrared thermography (IRT) has been extended to multiple scenarios, due to several benefits: rapid inspection, multi-point detection, real-time monitoring, etc. However, the range of applicability can vary from the single building inspection to the analysis of municipalities. This chapter outlines the most common techniques based on qualitative and quantitative infrared thermography (IRT) for the diagnosis of elements at urban level, assessing different types of instrumentation (i.e., drones, vehicles, and portable cameras) for three representative investigated objects: building envelopes, PV panels, and urban heat island (UHI) effect.
2022-05-26T16:33:41ZTejedor Herrán, BlancaLucchi, ElenaNardi, IoleIn recent years, the usefulness of infrared thermography (IRT) has been extended to multiple scenarios, due to several benefits: rapid inspection, multi-point detection, real-time monitoring, etc. However, the range of applicability can vary from the single building inspection to the analysis of municipalities. This chapter outlines the most common techniques based on qualitative and quantitative infrared thermography (IRT) for the diagnosis of elements at urban level, assessing different types of instrumentation (i.e., drones, vehicles, and portable cameras) for three representative investigated objects: building envelopes, PV panels, and urban heat island (UHI) effect.Fiber optics for load testingCasas Rius, Joan RamonBarrias, Antonio Jose de SousaRodríguez, GerardoVillalba Herrero, Sergihttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1662452020-07-23T23:10:40Z2019-07-16T06:58:34ZFiber optics for load testing
Casas Rius, Joan Ramon; Barrias, Antonio Jose de Sousa; Rodríguez, Gerardo; Villalba Herrero, Sergi
This chapter presents the application of fiber optic sensor technology in the monitoring of a load test. First, the description of the fiber optic technology is described with main emphasis in the case of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS), which have the potential of measuring strain and temperature along the fiber with different length and accuracy ranges. After that, two laboratory tests in reinforced and prestressed concrete specimens show the feasibility of using this technique for the detection, localization, and quantification of bending and shear cracking. Finally, the technique is applied to two real prestressed concrete bridges: in the first case, during the execution of a diagnostic load test; and in the second case, for the continuous time and space monitoring of a bridge subjected to a rehabilitation work. These experiences show the potential of this advanced monitoring technique when deployed in a load test.
2019-07-16T06:58:34ZCasas Rius, Joan RamonBarrias, Antonio Jose de SousaRodríguez, GerardoVillalba Herrero, SergiThis chapter presents the application of fiber optic sensor technology in the monitoring of a load test. First, the description of the fiber optic technology is described with main emphasis in the case of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS), which have the potential of measuring strain and temperature along the fiber with different length and accuracy ranges. After that, two laboratory tests in reinforced and prestressed concrete specimens show the feasibility of using this technique for the detection, localization, and quantification of bending and shear cracking. Finally, the technique is applied to two real prestressed concrete bridges: in the first case, during the execution of a diagnostic load test; and in the second case, for the continuous time and space monitoring of a bridge subjected to a rehabilitation work. These experiences show the potential of this advanced monitoring technique when deployed in a load test.Improving the metabolism and sustainability of buildings and cities through integrated rooftop greenhouses (i-RTG)"Sanjuan-Delmás, DavidLlorach Massana, PereNadal, AnaSanyé Mengual, EstherPetit Boix, AnnaErcilla-Montserrat, MireiaCuerva Contreras, EvaRovira, Maria RosaJosa Garcia-Tornel, AlejandroMuñoz, PereMontero, Juan IgnacioGabarrell Durany, XavierRieradevall Pons, JoanPons Valladares, Oriolhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/1194432020-07-23T23:11:47Z2018-07-18T07:47:40ZImproving the metabolism and sustainability of buildings and cities through integrated rooftop greenhouses (i-RTG)"
Sanjuan-Delmás, David; Llorach Massana, Pere; Nadal, Ana; Sanyé Mengual, Esther; Petit Boix, Anna; Ercilla-Montserrat, Mireia; Cuerva Contreras, Eva; Rovira, Maria Rosa; Josa Garcia-Tornel, Alejandro; Muñoz, Pere; Montero, Juan Ignacio; Gabarrell Durany, Xavier; Rieradevall Pons, Joan; Pons Valladares, Oriol
Food security in cities is an increasing concern due to the impact of climate change and the concentration of world population in cities. Urban agriculture (UA) aims at enhancing food production in urban areas, providing potential environmental advantages by reducing food transport, packaging and waste generation. Among UA alternatives, rooftop greenhouses (RTGs) are greenhouses built on top of urban roofs, in which mainly soil-less agriculture systems are used to produce food. When RTGs are integrated into the metabolism of their buildings, they exchange CO2, energy and water to improve their performance. This alternative is called integrated RTG (i-RTG). This chapter analyses the use of i-RTGs to improve buildings and cities’ metabolism and its particular application in the area of Barcelona. This analysis aims to define a new agricultural system from a technological and sustainability approach focusing on Mediterranean cities. Our research is based on the development and results of the Fertilecity project. A particular experimental analysis was conducted at ICTA’s i-RTG lab located near Barcelona. The main factors of interest are architectural and engineering requirements, urban integration, CO2 emissions management, energy consumption, food production, social integration and rainwater harvesting. This analysis has used different methods such as life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and semi-quantitative assessments. Multiple integrated results were obtained both at the building and city scale. For example, we proved that the i-RTG and its flow exchanges with the building could help to save heating energy, waste generation, water consumption and CO2 emissions.
2018-07-18T07:47:40ZSanjuan-Delmás, DavidLlorach Massana, PereNadal, AnaSanyé Mengual, EstherPetit Boix, AnnaErcilla-Montserrat, MireiaCuerva Contreras, EvaRovira, Maria RosaJosa Garcia-Tornel, AlejandroMuñoz, PereMontero, Juan IgnacioGabarrell Durany, XavierRieradevall Pons, JoanPons Valladares, OriolFood security in cities is an increasing concern due to the impact of climate change and the concentration of world population in cities. Urban agriculture (UA) aims at enhancing food production in urban areas, providing potential environmental advantages by reducing food transport, packaging and waste generation. Among UA alternatives, rooftop greenhouses (RTGs) are greenhouses built on top of urban roofs, in which mainly soil-less agriculture systems are used to produce food. When RTGs are integrated into the metabolism of their buildings, they exchange CO2, energy and water to improve their performance. This alternative is called integrated RTG (i-RTG). This chapter analyses the use of i-RTGs to improve buildings and cities’ metabolism and its particular application in the area of Barcelona. This analysis aims to define a new agricultural system from a technological and sustainability approach focusing on Mediterranean cities. Our research is based on the development and results of the Fertilecity project. A particular experimental analysis was conducted at ICTA’s i-RTG lab located near Barcelona. The main factors of interest are architectural and engineering requirements, urban integration, CO2 emissions management, energy consumption, food production, social integration and rainwater harvesting. This analysis has used different methods such as life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and semi-quantitative assessments. Multiple integrated results were obtained both at the building and city scale. For example, we proved that the i-RTG and its flow exchanges with the building could help to save heating energy, waste generation, water consumption and CO2 emissions.Management and safety of existing concrete structures via optical fiber distributed sensingCasas Rius, Joan RamonVillalba Herrero, SergiVillalba Herrero, Vicençhttp://hdl.handle.net/2117/249642020-07-23T22:28:57Z2014-12-09T17:51:03ZManagement and safety of existing concrete structures via optical fiber distributed sensing
Casas Rius, Joan Ramon; Villalba Herrero, Sergi; Villalba Herrero, Vicenç
The use of Optical Backscatter Reflectometer (OBR) as a distributed fiber optic system to measure strain and detect cracking in concrete structures is investigated. A laboratory experience in a concrete slab is first presented and after this pilot test, a full-scale bridge load test was used to investigate the effectiveness of the OBR technology monitoring system when applied to real structures. The bridge monitoring consisted of the installation of 100m of optic fiber in the soffit of the prefabricated bridge beams. Strain readings obtained from the optic fibers were compared to results from previous identical load tests applied to the bridge, confirming the high accuracy inherent in the optic fiber technology. Subsequently, the cooling tower of a power plant was monitored using the OBR sensor system. A total of 300 meters of cooling tower are monitored and 30,000 points on the concrete surface (inner and outer of shell) are interrogated. The obtained results show the feasibility of this technique despite the roughness of the
concrete surface and the heterogeneity due to the presence of aggregates of different
sizes. All applications verify that the OBR sensor is not only able to detect appearing
cracks that are hardly visible, but it is also able to perform robustly and with high
accuracy up to a load level producing a crack width in the range of 1 mm. Moreover,
the OBR frequency signal is acquired properly and provides correct strain values without breaks, even at a high load level. Regarding economic impact, deployment of the
OBR monitoring system presents a financial advantage over equivalent monitoring techniques (number of points interrogated).
2014-12-09T17:51:03ZCasas Rius, Joan RamonVillalba Herrero, SergiVillalba Herrero, VicençThe use of Optical Backscatter Reflectometer (OBR) as a distributed fiber optic system to measure strain and detect cracking in concrete structures is investigated. A laboratory experience in a concrete slab is first presented and after this pilot test, a full-scale bridge load test was used to investigate the effectiveness of the OBR technology monitoring system when applied to real structures. The bridge monitoring consisted of the installation of 100m of optic fiber in the soffit of the prefabricated bridge beams. Strain readings obtained from the optic fibers were compared to results from previous identical load tests applied to the bridge, confirming the high accuracy inherent in the optic fiber technology. Subsequently, the cooling tower of a power plant was monitored using the OBR sensor system. A total of 300 meters of cooling tower are monitored and 30,000 points on the concrete surface (inner and outer of shell) are interrogated. The obtained results show the feasibility of this technique despite the roughness of the
concrete surface and the heterogeneity due to the presence of aggregates of different
sizes. All applications verify that the OBR sensor is not only able to detect appearing
cracks that are hardly visible, but it is also able to perform robustly and with high
accuracy up to a load level producing a crack width in the range of 1 mm. Moreover,
the OBR frequency signal is acquired properly and provides correct strain values without breaks, even at a high load level. Regarding economic impact, deployment of the
OBR monitoring system presents a financial advantage over equivalent monitoring techniques (number of points interrogated).