Discrete-time spectrum occupancy model based on Markov chain and duty cycle models

Abstract

This paper presents an empirical time-dimension model of spectrum use in the context of dynamic spectrum access. Concretely, a discrete-time two-state Markov chain with novel duty cycle models is proposed as an adequate mean to accurately describe spectrum occupancy in the time domain. The validity and accuracy of the proposed model is assessed and corroborated with extensive empirical data from a multiband spectrum measurement campaign. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to capture and reproduce with significant accuracy the statistical properties of spectrum use observed in real channels of various technologies.