http://hdl.handle.net/2117/7029 Fri, 24 May 2013 00:56:21 GMT 2013-05-24T00:56:21Z webmaster.bupc@upc.edu Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Servei de Biblioteques i Documentació no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19388 Title: The Effect of proficiency on CLIL benefits in engineering students in Spain Authors: Aguilar Pérez, Marta; Muñoz, Carmen Abstract: This paper reports on a follow-up study of a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) pilot experience with bilingual postgraduate engineering students at a Spanish university. It aimed at examining learners' gains in listening and grammar skills after a CLIL course in English for a semester, in particular whether students' listening and grammar skills were affected similarly and whether participants' proficiency level played a role. Paired-sampled t-tests showed the difference between the mean scores in the pre-and post-listening test was significant but it was not for the pre-and post grammar tests. When students were distributed into three groups on the basis of their pre-test scores, a repeated measures ANOVA showed that less proficient students obtained higher gains in listening and grammar skills than more proficient students. Thu, 23 May 2013 18:17:14 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19388 2013-05-23T18:17:14Z Aguilar Pérez, Marta; Muñoz, Carmen no This paper reports on a follow-up study of a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) pilot experience with bilingual postgraduate engineering students at a Spanish university. It aimed at examining learners' gains in listening and grammar skills after a CLIL course in English for a semester, in particular whether students' listening and grammar skills were affected similarly and whether participants' proficiency level played a role. Paired-sampled t-tests showed the difference between the mean scores in the pre-and post-listening test was significant but it was not for the pre-and post grammar tests. When students were distributed into three groups on the basis of their pre-test scores, a repeated measures ANOVA showed that less proficient students obtained higher gains in listening and grammar skills than more proficient students. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19387 Title: Exposición laboral a material particulado, nanopartículas y su incidencia en la salud del trabajador Authors: Gómez Yepes, Milena Elizabeth; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente Abstract: El material partículado (MP) tiene una incidencia negativa en la salud humana, que se manifiesta especialmente por problemas cardiovasculares y respiratorios. Entre las enfermedades que se conocen ligadas a la presencia de MP en el aire respirado, podemos citar: EPOC, asma ocupacional, alergias, bronquitis crónica hasta cáncer ocupacional, o enfermedades laborales como la silicosis, asbestosis o tabacosis, las cuales son causa de baja laboral. Los efectos negativos de las concentraciones de partículas en el aire dependen básicamente del contaminante y sus propiedades (composición química, concentración, morfología, densidad y tamaño de partícula). En los centros de trabajo, los métodos de control de la exposición a MP no son lo efectivos que deberían ser, pues la incidencia de problemas o enfermedades respiratorias continúa en aumento. Por otra parte, la implantación creciente de la nanotecnología en el diseño, producción y uso de sistemas, dispositivos y productos está generando un interés en conocer los efectos que las nanopartículas (NP) pueden tener en la salud del trabajador. Ya que las propiedades de las nanoparticulas (NP) son muy diferentes a las partículas más grandes (MP) es esperable que sus efectos en el trabajador también sean diferentes. Algunos estudios epidemiológicos relacionan las NP con las afecciones cardio-respiratorias. Otras investigaciones afirman que los radicales libres de las NP afectan las cadenas de ADN, SNC y el nervio olfativo. La NIOSH ha manifestado que para el año 2014 se tendrán las primeras estrategias de muestreo ambiental de las NP. Este trabajo aporta una revisión del estado actual de conocimiento sobre las enfermedades laborales ante la exposición no controlada de MP y NP. Thu, 23 May 2013 16:04:05 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19387 2013-05-23T16:04:05Z Gómez Yepes, Milena Elizabeth; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente no El material partículado (MP) tiene una incidencia negativa en la salud humana, que se manifiesta especialmente por problemas cardiovasculares y respiratorios. Entre las enfermedades que se conocen ligadas a la presencia de MP en el aire respirado, podemos citar: EPOC, asma ocupacional, alergias, bronquitis crónica hasta cáncer ocupacional, o enfermedades laborales como la silicosis, asbestosis o tabacosis, las cuales son causa de baja laboral. Los efectos negativos de las concentraciones de partículas en el aire dependen básicamente del contaminante y sus propiedades (composición química, concentración, morfología, densidad y tamaño de partícula). En los centros de trabajo, los métodos de control de la exposición a MP no son lo efectivos que deberían ser, pues la incidencia de problemas o enfermedades respiratorias continúa en aumento. Por otra parte, la implantación creciente de la nanotecnología en el diseño, producción y uso de sistemas, dispositivos y productos está generando un interés en conocer los efectos que las nanopartículas (NP) pueden tener en la salud del trabajador. Ya que las propiedades de las nanoparticulas (NP) son muy diferentes a las partículas más grandes (MP) es esperable que sus efectos en el trabajador también sean diferentes. Algunos estudios epidemiológicos relacionan las NP con las afecciones cardio-respiratorias. Otras investigaciones afirman que los radicales libres de las NP afectan las cadenas de ADN, SNC y el nervio olfativo. La NIOSH ha manifestado que para el año 2014 se tendrán las primeras estrategias de muestreo ambiental de las NP. Este trabajo aporta una revisión del estado actual de conocimiento sobre las enfermedades laborales ante la exposición no controlada de MP y NP. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19220 Title: Estimación de riesgo sobre la salud de población/trabajadores de región industrial por contaminación de partículas suspendidas totales y óxido de azufre Authors: Rincón Polo, Gladys; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente Abstract: En regiones donde coexisten industrias pesadas con centros poblados, los trabajadores de esas industrias no sólo están expuestos a riesgos por contaminación dentro del ámbito de trabajo, sino además, están expuestos constantemente por vivir en un ambiente contaminado por las emisiones de las industrias para las cuales trabajan. En Venezuela en una franja costera de unos 90 km, cohabitan 11 industrias pesadas (petroquímicas, petroleras y cementeras) que emiten aproximadamente 4790 t/año de partículas suspendidas totales (PST) y 8376 t/año de dióxido de azufre (SO2), con 5 pequeñas ciudades que concentran 658 969 habitantes, quienes trabajan mayoritariamente de manera directa o indirecta para esas industrias. Dada la limitación para disponer de un número de estaciones de muestreo que permita establecer los niveles de concentración de estos contaminantes sobre esos centros poblados, se usa un modelo de dispersión de contaminantes en el aire para estimar dichos niveles de contaminación y así, poder establecer el riesgo sobre la salud de población/trabajadores por la contaminación de PST y SO2. Este estudio permitió establecer que los niveles de SO2 por emisiones industriales han llegado a alcanzar valores considerados de riesgo para la salud de los pobladores/trabajadores, mientras los niveles de PST por emisiones industriales, salvo contadas excepciones, se mantienen en niveles considerados seguros para la salud. Tue, 14 May 2013 18:04:07 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19220 2013-05-14T18:04:07Z Rincón Polo, Gladys; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente no En regiones donde coexisten industrias pesadas con centros poblados, los trabajadores de esas industrias no sólo están expuestos a riesgos por contaminación dentro del ámbito de trabajo, sino además, están expuestos constantemente por vivir en un ambiente contaminado por las emisiones de las industrias para las cuales trabajan. En Venezuela en una franja costera de unos 90 km, cohabitan 11 industrias pesadas (petroquímicas, petroleras y cementeras) que emiten aproximadamente 4790 t/año de partículas suspendidas totales (PST) y 8376 t/año de dióxido de azufre (SO2), con 5 pequeñas ciudades que concentran 658 969 habitantes, quienes trabajan mayoritariamente de manera directa o indirecta para esas industrias. Dada la limitación para disponer de un número de estaciones de muestreo que permita establecer los niveles de concentración de estos contaminantes sobre esos centros poblados, se usa un modelo de dispersión de contaminantes en el aire para estimar dichos niveles de contaminación y así, poder establecer el riesgo sobre la salud de población/trabajadores por la contaminación de PST y SO2. Este estudio permitió establecer que los niveles de SO2 por emisiones industriales han llegado a alcanzar valores considerados de riesgo para la salud de los pobladores/trabajadores, mientras los niveles de PST por emisiones industriales, salvo contadas excepciones, se mantienen en niveles considerados seguros para la salud. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19214 Title: Definiciones y características del diseño de vestimenta Authors: Baquero, Margarita; Lloveras Macià, Joaquín; Baena, Margarita; Bosch, Magdalena; Cantista, Isabel Abstract: La problemática del acto de vestir, considerada a partir de las necesidades humanas, hace parte de la fundamentación de una construcción teórica para el diseño de vestimenta que busca identificar y racionalizar el proceso proyectual des de un punto de vista integral. Profundizar en la relación entre el usuario, la prenda como producto y el contexto que los rodea es el principal objetivo de este artículo. Tue, 14 May 2013 16:28:07 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19214 2013-05-14T16:28:07Z Baquero, Margarita; Lloveras Macià, Joaquín; Baena, Margarita; Bosch, Magdalena; Cantista, Isabel no La problemática del acto de vestir, considerada a partir de las necesidades humanas, hace parte de la fundamentación de una construcción teórica para el diseño de vestimenta que busca identificar y racionalizar el proceso proyectual des de un punto de vista integral. Profundizar en la relación entre el usuario, la prenda como producto y el contexto que los rodea es el principal objetivo de este artículo. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19195 Title: Comparative study of the performance of three cross-flow ceramic membranes for water treatment Authors: Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente; Rodríguez-Grau, Esteban; Rafael, Mulero; Cusidó Fàbregas, Joan Antoni Abstract: Several tests using water as effluent are used to analyse the performance of three types of microfiltration cross-flow ceramic membranes. Two of these membranes are commercial (Atech and Membralox/US Filter) and the third one is experimental. The main differences between them lie in their chemical composition (different origin of raw materials) and in their manufacturing process. The results presented here show the dominant effect of the filtering and the gel layer. Both are formed during operation acting as equalising agent between the three membranes. The membranes tested have similar performances in cross-flow operation, although permeability rates for the membrane Membralox/US Filter were about 15% higher. This increase might be due to the smoother surface formed by a second filtering ultrafiltration layer (0.01 ìm) of 10 ìm width, which probably contributes to a decrease in the thickness of the gel layer formed during operation. Using specific raw materials (non-industrial) as well as a second ultrafiltration layer improves the results in operation (performances and cleaning intervals). However, they are uneconomical because of the extra costs involved. In conclusion, low-cost membranes can achieve similar results to the commercial and more expensive ones opening up their application to new uses and emergent markets. Tue, 14 May 2013 09:58:20 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19195 2013-05-14T09:58:20Z Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente; Rodríguez-Grau, Esteban; Rafael, Mulero; Cusidó Fàbregas, Joan Antoni no Several tests using water as effluent are used to analyse the performance of three types of microfiltration cross-flow ceramic membranes. Two of these membranes are commercial (Atech and Membralox/US Filter) and the third one is experimental. The main differences between them lie in their chemical composition (different origin of raw materials) and in their manufacturing process. The results presented here show the dominant effect of the filtering and the gel layer. Both are formed during operation acting as equalising agent between the three membranes. The membranes tested have similar performances in cross-flow operation, although permeability rates for the membrane Membralox/US Filter were about 15% higher. This increase might be due to the smoother surface formed by a second filtering ultrafiltration layer (0.01 ìm) of 10 ìm width, which probably contributes to a decrease in the thickness of the gel layer formed during operation. Using specific raw materials (non-industrial) as well as a second ultrafiltration layer improves the results in operation (performances and cleaning intervals). However, they are uneconomical because of the extra costs involved. In conclusion, low-cost membranes can achieve similar results to the commercial and more expensive ones opening up their application to new uses and emergent markets. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19182 Title: Verbalització multilingüística del llenguatge simbòlic, una eina d'aprenentatge Authors: Alsina Aubach, Montserrat; Soler Lorente, Mónica Mon, 13 May 2013 14:46:06 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19182 2013-05-13T14:46:06Z Alsina Aubach, Montserrat; Soler Lorente, Mónica no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19117 Title: Some experiences related to innovation methodologies within the university classroom Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario Tue, 07 May 2013 11:07:59 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19117 2013-05-07T11:07:59Z Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19115 Title: Towards methodological improvement in the Spanish studies Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario Tue, 07 May 2013 10:51:03 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19115 2013-05-07T10:51:03Z Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19114 Title: A proposal to improve your evaluation skills Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario Tue, 07 May 2013 10:19:24 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19114 2013-05-07T10:19:24Z Amante García, Beatriz; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19081 Title: Gaseous emissions from ceramics manufactured with urban sewage sludge during firing processes Authors: Cusidó Fàbregas, Joan Antoni; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente; González Benítez, María Margarita Abstract: The re-use of sewage sludge without any treatment as primary material—mixed with clays—in order to obtain structural ceramics for buildings has been successfully improved. In the Ecobrick® project, the firing of a mixture of specific percentages of three components (clays, sludges and forest debris) resulted in a lighter and more thermal and acoustic insulating brick, compared with conventional clay-bricks. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission from the manufacturing of ceramics is the most important aspect to control. In the Ecobrick® project VOC emissions were monitored by using a bench-scale furnace. The study was conducted using an EPA recommended sampling train and portable sampling tubes that were thermally desorbed and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Drying of raw sewage-sludge and firing processes were considered separately. In this paper, we present VOC emissions coming from the firing step of the Ecobrick® production Thu, 02 May 2013 13:35:32 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/19081 2013-05-02T13:35:32Z Cusidó Fàbregas, Joan Antoni; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente; González Benítez, María Margarita no The re-use of sewage sludge without any treatment as primary material—mixed with clays—in order to obtain structural ceramics for buildings has been successfully improved. In the Ecobrick® project, the firing of a mixture of specific percentages of three components (clays, sludges and forest debris) resulted in a lighter and more thermal and acoustic insulating brick, compared with conventional clay-bricks. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission from the manufacturing of ceramics is the most important aspect to control. In the Ecobrick® project VOC emissions were monitored by using a bench-scale furnace. The study was conducted using an EPA recommended sampling train and portable sampling tubes that were thermally desorbed and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Drying of raw sewage-sludge and firing processes were considered separately. In this paper, we present VOC emissions coming from the firing step of the Ecobrick® production http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18862 Title: Multidisciplinary study of tutoring using virtual characters and second life Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Campo Sud, David del; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario Abstract: In this article we present the planning and methodology followed in order to apply virtual tutoring sessions in different subjects and universities. The Second Life environment, together with the Voki speaking avatars will be employed. It is a multidisciplinary study that includes personal and collective tutoring sessions, answering key questions through animated avatars, virtual labs, and posters exhibition for peer-evaluation. From a survey run among the students it is concluded that most of them are willing to learn and try this kind of tutoring sessions, but at the same time some feel skeptical about its utility Thu, 18 Apr 2013 10:23:24 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18862 2013-04-18T10:23:24Z Amante García, Beatriz; Campo Sud, David del; Martínez Martínez, María del Rosario no In this article we present the planning and methodology followed in order to apply virtual tutoring sessions in different subjects and universities. The Second Life environment, together with the Voki speaking avatars will be employed. It is a multidisciplinary study that includes personal and collective tutoring sessions, answering key questions through animated avatars, virtual labs, and posters exhibition for peer-evaluation. From a survey run among the students it is concluded that most of them are willing to learn and try this kind of tutoring sessions, but at the same time some feel skeptical about its utility http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18786 Title: Collaborative environments, a way to improve quality in higher education Authors: Rodríguez Donaire, Silvia; Amante García, Beatriz Abstract: The aim of this research is to observe how Collaborative Web-Based Environments (CWBEs) foster higher education quality improvement by means of enhancing students' teamwork skills, the use of CWBEs and the use of teaching methodologies, particularly PBL. A survey was conducted in three different subjects with similar characteristics in courses held at the ETSEIATBarcelonaTECH among a sample of 98 students. Results shed light on two aspects which improve teamwork performance: 1) the functionality of CWBEs and 2) the ability and motivation of students in these environments. Mon, 15 Apr 2013 10:20:09 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18786 2013-04-15T10:20:09Z Rodríguez Donaire, Silvia; Amante García, Beatriz no The aim of this research is to observe how Collaborative Web-Based Environments (CWBEs) foster higher education quality improvement by means of enhancing students' teamwork skills, the use of CWBEs and the use of teaching methodologies, particularly PBL. A survey was conducted in three different subjects with similar characteristics in courses held at the ETSEIATBarcelonaTECH among a sample of 98 students. Results shed light on two aspects which improve teamwork performance: 1) the functionality of CWBEs and 2) the ability and motivation of students in these environments. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18548 Title: Evaluation of the CALIOPE air quality forecasting system for epidemiological research: the example of NO2 in the province of Girona (Spain) Authors: Aguilera, Inmaculada; Basagaña, Xavier; Pay Pérez, M. Teresa; Agis, David; Bouso, Laura; Foraster, María; Rivera, Marcel; Baldasano Recio, José María; Künzli, Nino Abstract: Background Air quality models are being increasingly used to estimate long-term individual exposures to air pollution in epidemiological studies. Most of them have been evaluated against measurements from a limited number of monitoring stations, which may not properly reflect the exposure characteristics of the study population. Methods We evaluated the performance of the high-resolution CALIOPE air quality forecasting system over a large sample of passive measurements of NO2 conducted at 635 home outdoor locations of the Girona province (Spain) during several 4-week sampling campaigns over one year (July 2007–June 2008). Sampling sites were superposed over the 4 km × 4 km CALIOPE grid, and average NO2 modeled concentrations were derived for all measurements conducted during the same sampling campaign at all the sampling sites located within the same grid cell. In addition, the ratio between measured and modeled concentrations for the whole study period at one fixed monitoring station was used to post-process the modeled values at the home outdoor locations. Results The correlation between measured and modeled concentrations for the entire study area (which includes urban settings, middle-size towns, and rural areas) was 0.78. Modeled concentrations were underestimated in the whole study area. After correcting the modeled concentrations by the measured to modeled ratio at the fixed station (r = 0.25), they were very similar to the measured concentrations (27.7 μg m−3 and 29.3 μg m−3, respectively). However, the performance of the modeling system depends on the type of subarea and is affected by the sub-grid emission sources. Conclusions The evaluation over the heterogenous Girona province showed that CALIOPE is able to reproduce the spatial variability of 4-week NO2 concentrations at the small regional level. CALIOPE output data is a valuable tool to complement study-specific air pollution measurements by incorporating regional spatial variability as well as short- and long-term temporal variability of background pollution in epidemiological research. Tue, 02 Apr 2013 16:50:49 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18548 2013-04-02T16:50:49Z Aguilera, Inmaculada; Basagaña, Xavier; Pay Pérez, M. Teresa; Agis, David; Bouso, Laura; Foraster, María; Rivera, Marcel; Baldasano Recio, José María; Künzli, Nino no Background Air quality models are being increasingly used to estimate long-term individual exposures to air pollution in epidemiological studies. Most of them have been evaluated against measurements from a limited number of monitoring stations, which may not properly reflect the exposure characteristics of the study population. Methods We evaluated the performance of the high-resolution CALIOPE air quality forecasting system over a large sample of passive measurements of NO2 conducted at 635 home outdoor locations of the Girona province (Spain) during several 4-week sampling campaigns over one year (July 2007–June 2008). Sampling sites were superposed over the 4 km × 4 km CALIOPE grid, and average NO2 modeled concentrations were derived for all measurements conducted during the same sampling campaign at all the sampling sites located within the same grid cell. In addition, the ratio between measured and modeled concentrations for the whole study period at one fixed monitoring station was used to post-process the modeled values at the home outdoor locations. Results The correlation between measured and modeled concentrations for the entire study area (which includes urban settings, middle-size towns, and rural areas) was 0.78. Modeled concentrations were underestimated in the whole study area. After correcting the modeled concentrations by the measured to modeled ratio at the fixed station (r = 0.25), they were very similar to the measured concentrations (27.7 μg m−3 and 29.3 μg m−3, respectively). However, the performance of the modeling system depends on the type of subarea and is affected by the sub-grid emission sources. Conclusions The evaluation over the heterogenous Girona province showed that CALIOPE is able to reproduce the spatial variability of 4-week NO2 concentrations at the small regional level. CALIOPE output data is a valuable tool to complement study-specific air pollution measurements by incorporating regional spatial variability as well as short- and long-term temporal variability of background pollution in epidemiological research. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18458 Title: Valoración del perfil e ingesta de nutrientes de un grupo de estudiantes iberoamericanos de postgrados en nutrición Authors: García Carrillo, Àgueda; Fernández Díez, Federico Abstract: Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios tienen una gran influencia sobre la salud de las personas, por ello es de suma importancia profundizar en su estudio para comprobar su adaptación a las recomendaciones actuales y poder realizar políticas de educación nutricional y/o suplementación ajustadas a la realidad. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo con la colaboración de estudiantes de postgrado. Los participantes se seleccionaron mediante muestreo no probabilístico accidental enviando vía mail la información del estudio, realizado mediante un cuestionario sobre sus características socio-demográficas y un registro dietético de 3 días. La muestra estuvo formada por n = 50 participantes. Los registros dietéticos de 3 días se valoraron con el software NutrIber y los datos obtenidos fueron tratados mediante el software estadístico SPSS 15. Resultados y discusión: El perfil de los estudiantes es de 80% mujeres y 20% hombres, con edad media de 33,7 ± 9,32 años, e índice de masa corporal de 22,91 ± 4,07. Todos los grupos presentan un consumo excesivo de proteínas y lípidos y deficitario en glúcidos. En cuanto a los micronutrientes es destacable que ningún grupo cubre las ingestas recomendadas de yodo, y que ningún grupo de mujeres cubre las recomendaciones de ingesta de fibra, ácido fólico ni hierro. Conclusiones: Son necesarios más estudios para confirmar los resultados hallado, sin embargo, se puede concluir que las poblaciones urbanas de Latinoamérica cada vez se acercan más al modelo de dieta occidental, rica en proteínas y grasas y pobre en glúcidos, fibra y micronutrientes, lo que es indicativo de dietas pobres en cereales integrales, frutas y verduras Thu, 21 Mar 2013 18:08:34 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18458 2013-03-21T18:08:34Z García Carrillo, Àgueda; Fernández Díez, Federico no Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios tienen una gran influencia sobre la salud de las personas, por ello es de suma importancia profundizar en su estudio para comprobar su adaptación a las recomendaciones actuales y poder realizar políticas de educación nutricional y/o suplementación ajustadas a la realidad. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo con la colaboración de estudiantes de postgrado. Los participantes se seleccionaron mediante muestreo no probabilístico accidental enviando vía mail la información del estudio, realizado mediante un cuestionario sobre sus características socio-demográficas y un registro dietético de 3 días. La muestra estuvo formada por n = 50 participantes. Los registros dietéticos de 3 días se valoraron con el software NutrIber y los datos obtenidos fueron tratados mediante el software estadístico SPSS 15. Resultados y discusión: El perfil de los estudiantes es de 80% mujeres y 20% hombres, con edad media de 33,7 ± 9,32 años, e índice de masa corporal de 22,91 ± 4,07. Todos los grupos presentan un consumo excesivo de proteínas y lípidos y deficitario en glúcidos. En cuanto a los micronutrientes es destacable que ningún grupo cubre las ingestas recomendadas de yodo, y que ningún grupo de mujeres cubre las recomendaciones de ingesta de fibra, ácido fólico ni hierro. Conclusiones: Son necesarios más estudios para confirmar los resultados hallado, sin embargo, se puede concluir que las poblaciones urbanas de Latinoamérica cada vez se acercan más al modelo de dieta occidental, rica en proteínas y grasas y pobre en glúcidos, fibra y micronutrientes, lo que es indicativo de dietas pobres en cereales integrales, frutas y verduras http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18184 Title: Altered brain functional connectivity in relation to perception of scrutiny in social anxiety disorder Authors: Gimenez, Monica; Pujol Nuez, Jesus; Ortiz Valencia, Héctor; Soriano-Mas, Carles; López Solà, Marina; Farré, Magí; Deus Yela, Joan; Merlo-Pich, Emilio; Martín-Santos, Rocío Abstract: Although the fear of being scrutinized by others in a social context is a key symptom in social anxiety disorder (SAD), the neural processes underlying the perception of scrutiny have not previously been studied by func- tional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used fMRI to map brain activation during a perception-of- scrutiny task in 20 SAD patients and 20 controls. A multi-dimensional analytic approach was used. Scrutiny perception was mediated by activation of the medial frontal cortex, insula – operculum region and cerebellum, and the additional recruitment of visual areas and the thalamus in patients. Between-group comparison demonstrated signi fi cantly enhanced brain activation in patients in the primary visual cortex and cerebellum. Functional connectivity mapping demonstrated an abnormal connectivity between regions underlying general arousal and attention. SAD patients showed signi fi cantly greater task-induced functional connectivity in the thalamo-cortical and the fronto-striatal circuits. A statistically signi ficant increase in task-induced functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and scrutiny-perception-related regions was observed in the SAD patients, suggesting the existence of enhanced behavior-inhibitory control. The presented data indicate that scrutiny perception in SAD enhances brain activity in arousal–attention systems,suggesting that fMRI may be a useful tool to explore such a behavioral dimension. Mon, 11 Mar 2013 17:19:43 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18184 2013-03-11T17:19:43Z Gimenez, Monica; Pujol Nuez, Jesus; Ortiz Valencia, Héctor; Soriano-Mas, Carles; López Solà, Marina; Farré, Magí; Deus Yela, Joan; Merlo-Pich, Emilio; Martín-Santos, Rocío no Although the fear of being scrutinized by others in a social context is a key symptom in social anxiety disorder (SAD), the neural processes underlying the perception of scrutiny have not previously been studied by func- tional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used fMRI to map brain activation during a perception-of- scrutiny task in 20 SAD patients and 20 controls. A multi-dimensional analytic approach was used. Scrutiny perception was mediated by activation of the medial frontal cortex, insula – operculum region and cerebellum, and the additional recruitment of visual areas and the thalamus in patients. Between-group comparison demonstrated signi fi cantly enhanced brain activation in patients in the primary visual cortex and cerebellum. Functional connectivity mapping demonstrated an abnormal connectivity between regions underlying general arousal and attention. SAD patients showed signi fi cantly greater task-induced functional connectivity in the thalamo-cortical and the fronto-striatal circuits. A statistically signi ficant increase in task-induced functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and scrutiny-perception-related regions was observed in the SAD patients, suggesting the existence of enhanced behavior-inhibitory control. The presented data indicate that scrutiny perception in SAD enhances brain activity in arousal–attention systems,suggesting that fMRI may be a useful tool to explore such a behavioral dimension.