http://hdl.handle.net/2117/3234 Sat, 18 May 2013 07:52:16 GMT 2013-05-18T07:52:16Z webmaster.bupc@upc.edu Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Servei de Biblioteques i Documentació no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16751 Title: Optimisation of the electrochemical and UV combined treatment to remove colour and organic halogenated compounds of textile effluents Authors: Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen Abstract: Different electrochemical oxidation and UV irradiation treatment conditions were studied to improve the removal of colour and organic halogenated compounds of textile effluents wastewater so as to minimize their environmental impact. Synthetic dyeing effluents containing a reactive dye (CI Reactive Black 5, Procion Crimson H-EXL, Procion Navy H-EXL, Procion Yellow H-EXL and Procion Blue H-EXL) and Na2SO4 as dyeing electrolyte were studied. Ti/Pt oxides electrodes at different current densities (3, 6,12,24 and 40 mA/cm2) and three UV irradiation lamps (6 and 9W; 254, 360 and 365 nm maximum emission) were used. Results showed that total colour and organic halogenated compounds removal were achieved by UV irradiation after electrochemical treatment. A clear influence of current density and the type of UV lamp on colour removal was found, being the submerged lamps into the dye solution the most efficient. Kinetic constants of the UV irradiation step were calculated Thu, 18 Oct 2012 11:04:25 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16751 2012-10-18T11:04:25Z Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen no Different electrochemical oxidation and UV irradiation treatment conditions were studied to improve the removal of colour and organic halogenated compounds of textile effluents wastewater so as to minimize their environmental impact. Synthetic dyeing effluents containing a reactive dye (CI Reactive Black 5, Procion Crimson H-EXL, Procion Navy H-EXL, Procion Yellow H-EXL and Procion Blue H-EXL) and Na2SO4 as dyeing electrolyte were studied. Ti/Pt oxides electrodes at different current densities (3, 6,12,24 and 40 mA/cm2) and three UV irradiation lamps (6 and 9W; 254, 360 and 365 nm maximum emission) were used. Results showed that total colour and organic halogenated compounds removal were achieved by UV irradiation after electrochemical treatment. A clear influence of current density and the type of UV lamp on colour removal was found, being the submerged lamps into the dye solution the most efficient. Kinetic constants of the UV irradiation step were calculated http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16745 Title: Electrochemical techniques in textile processes and wastewater treatment Authors: Sala Gastón, Mireia; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen Abstract: The textile industry uses the electrochemical techniques both in textile processes (such as manufacturing fibers, dyeing processes, and decolorizing fabrics) and in wastewaters treatments (color removal). Electrochemical reduction reactions are mostly used in sulfur and vat dyeing, but in some cases, they are applied to effluents discoloration. However, the main applications of electrochemical treatments in the textile sector are based on oxidation reactions. Most of electrochemical oxidation processes involve indirect reactions which imply the generation of hypochlorite or hydroxyl radical in situ. These electrogenerated species are able to bleach indigo-dyed denim fabrics and to degrade dyes in wastewater in order to achieve the effluent color removal. The aim of this paper is to review the electrochemical techniques applied to textile industry. In particular, they are an efficient method to remove color of textile effluents. The reuse of the discolored effluent is possible, which implies an important saving of salt and water (i.e., by means of the “UVEC Cell”) Wed, 17 Oct 2012 13:22:29 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16745 2012-10-17T13:22:29Z Sala Gastón, Mireia; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen no The textile industry uses the electrochemical techniques both in textile processes (such as manufacturing fibers, dyeing processes, and decolorizing fabrics) and in wastewaters treatments (color removal). Electrochemical reduction reactions are mostly used in sulfur and vat dyeing, but in some cases, they are applied to effluents discoloration. However, the main applications of electrochemical treatments in the textile sector are based on oxidation reactions. Most of electrochemical oxidation processes involve indirect reactions which imply the generation of hypochlorite or hydroxyl radical in situ. These electrogenerated species are able to bleach indigo-dyed denim fabrics and to degrade dyes in wastewater in order to achieve the effluent color removal. The aim of this paper is to review the electrochemical techniques applied to textile industry. In particular, they are an efficient method to remove color of textile effluents. The reuse of the discolored effluent is possible, which implies an important saving of salt and water (i.e., by means of the “UVEC Cell”) http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16518 Title: Electrochemical decolourisation of cotton dye baths for reuse purposes: a way to reduce salinity of the textile wastewater Authors: López Grimau, Víctor; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Sala, Mireia; Crespi Rosell, Martin Abstract: Electrochemical techniques offer many advantages for the treatment of industrial effluents. These processes are clean, operate at room temperature, and in most cases, do not need the addition of reagents (as in the case of reactive dyeing effluents). In particular, the electrochemical treatment of textile effluents is an efficient method to remove colour. In this work, diverse synthetic effluents containing reactive dyes were treated in an electrochemical cell with Ti/PtO x electrodes. The efficiency of the process to remove colour and the use of an additional UV irradiation were evaluated. Once the conditions were established in synthetic effluents, they were applied on two types of exhausted reactive dye baths collected from a cotton mill. Instead of the effluent discharge, another possibility is to reuse the decoloured effluents for a new dyeing process. In this sense, diverse experiments were carried out and conditions for the effluents reuse were established. The reuse of dyeing effluents implies an important reduction of the salt and water consumption as well as a reduction of the salinity of the discharged effluents. Tue, 18 Sep 2012 16:52:52 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16518 2012-09-18T16:52:52Z López Grimau, Víctor; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Sala, Mireia; Crespi Rosell, Martin no Electrochemical techniques offer many advantages for the treatment of industrial effluents. These processes are clean, operate at room temperature, and in most cases, do not need the addition of reagents (as in the case of reactive dyeing effluents). In particular, the electrochemical treatment of textile effluents is an efficient method to remove colour. In this work, diverse synthetic effluents containing reactive dyes were treated in an electrochemical cell with Ti/PtO x electrodes. The efficiency of the process to remove colour and the use of an additional UV irradiation were evaluated. Once the conditions were established in synthetic effluents, they were applied on two types of exhausted reactive dye baths collected from a cotton mill. Instead of the effluent discharge, another possibility is to reuse the decoloured effluents for a new dyeing process. In this sense, diverse experiments were carried out and conditions for the effluents reuse were established. The reuse of dyeing effluents implies an important reduction of the salt and water consumption as well as a reduction of the salinity of the discharged effluents. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14426 Title: Influence of electrochemical pre-treatment in dyeing wastewater reuse for five reactive dyes Authors: Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Valldeperas Morell, José; Lis Arias, Manuel José; Crespi Rosell, Martin Abstract: In this study, the influence of an electrochemical pre-treatment was evaluated in dyeing wastewater reuse for five reactive dyes for cotton fabrics. The most proper dyeing method was established and the influence of alkali was also studied. Wastewater was treated in an electrochemical cell at 20 Lh_1 and 40 mA/cm2 for between 3 and 15 minutes before being reused. During the electrochemical treatment the evolution of the dye degradation was evaluated by COD measurements. From the results, it can be concluded that 70% of the wastewater can be satisfactorily reused by direct bath reuse with most of the reactive dyes obtaining DE (CMC (2:1)) values below 1 with respect to the reference. Differences of DE (CMC (2:1) can be improved up to 75% by applying an electrochemical pre-treatment. In DE (CMC (2:1)) values, DL* was found to be the most influential parameter. Finally, the influence of the level of dye degradation in the wastewater was observed as non-relevant in the direct reuse of the bath for most of the studied dyes Mon, 09 Jan 2012 12:35:42 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14426 2012-01-09T12:35:42Z Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Valldeperas Morell, José; Lis Arias, Manuel José; Crespi Rosell, Martin no Direct bath reuse (DBR), direct bath reuse (DBR), electrochemical pre-treatment, organic matter removal, reactive dyes, textile dyeing In this study, the influence of an electrochemical pre-treatment was evaluated in dyeing wastewater reuse for five reactive dyes for cotton fabrics. The most proper dyeing method was established and the influence of alkali was also studied. Wastewater was treated in an electrochemical cell at 20 Lh_1 and 40 mA/cm2 for between 3 and 15 minutes before being reused. During the electrochemical treatment the evolution of the dye degradation was evaluated by COD measurements. From the results, it can be concluded that 70% of the wastewater can be satisfactorily reused by direct bath reuse with most of the reactive dyes obtaining DE (CMC (2:1)) values below 1 with respect to the reference. Differences of DE (CMC (2:1) can be improved up to 75% by applying an electrochemical pre-treatment. In DE (CMC (2:1)) values, DL* was found to be the most influential parameter. Finally, the influence of the level of dye degradation in the wastewater was observed as non-relevant in the direct reuse of the bath for most of the studied dyes http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14419 Title: Comparative study between activated sludge versus membrane bioreactor for textile wastewater Authors: Salazar Gámez, Lorena; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Salazar Cano, Roberto Abstract: The aim of this experimental work was to evaluate the carbonaceous constituents in textile wastewater, and the infl uence of slowly biodegradable products, also to compare two processes: Membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge (AS) for treating textile wastewater. The MBR pilot plant includes an aerobic reactor of 50 l, and membranes of micro and ultra fi ltration, the AS pilot plant has an aerobic reactor of 4 l. The processes were run 3 times over 244 d, with the same relative F/M and SRT. Respirometry was carried out to fi nd the carbonaceous constituents in the wastewater, and also the Ultimate BOD, the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) to evaluate the sludge, and different analysis: chemical oxygen demand and color removal, in order to evaluate process performance. The results show that the range of reduction of COD emissions using the MBR was 89–92%, and using AS was 54–70%, the color removal using MBR was 70% with MF membranes, and 72–73% with UF membranes, and 28% using AS. These results demonstrated that the textile wastewater could be treated by biological treatment but with high SRT, and also that the MBR is more effi cient and stable that a conventional activated sludge process for treating textile wastewater Mon, 09 Jan 2012 08:47:23 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14419 2012-01-09T08:47:23Z Salazar Gámez, Lorena; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Salazar Cano, Roberto no The aim of this experimental work was to evaluate the carbonaceous constituents in textile wastewater, and the infl uence of slowly biodegradable products, also to compare two processes: Membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge (AS) for treating textile wastewater. The MBR pilot plant includes an aerobic reactor of 50 l, and membranes of micro and ultra fi ltration, the AS pilot plant has an aerobic reactor of 4 l. The processes were run 3 times over 244 d, with the same relative F/M and SRT. Respirometry was carried out to fi nd the carbonaceous constituents in the wastewater, and also the Ultimate BOD, the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) to evaluate the sludge, and different analysis: chemical oxygen demand and color removal, in order to evaluate process performance. The results show that the range of reduction of COD emissions using the MBR was 89–92%, and using AS was 54–70%, the color removal using MBR was 70% with MF membranes, and 72–73% with UF membranes, and 28% using AS. These results demonstrated that the textile wastewater could be treated by biological treatment but with high SRT, and also that the MBR is more effi cient and stable that a conventional activated sludge process for treating textile wastewater http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14088 Title: Electroquímica: Aplicaciones en los procesos textiles Authors: Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Sala Gastón, Mireia Mon, 28 Nov 2011 09:29:09 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14088 2011-11-28T09:29:09Z Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Sala Gastón, Mireia no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/13422 Title: Empirical models for the decoloration of dyes in an electrochemical batch cell Authors: Pepió Viñals, Montserrat; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen Abstract: Among several types of textiles colorants, reactive dyes represent about 30 50% of the total market share, and the most common group used as chromophore is the azo group (70%), followed by anthraquinone. The removal of such dyes from wastewater is a problem in textile mills. Electrochemical treatment has proven to be an interesting technique for removing dyes from wastewater, as it does not require any added chemical reagents. Generally, this technique is applied to obtain partial dye degradation (until color removal). In this work, electrochemical treatment was performed in a batch cell. The influence of conductivity, temperature, pH, dye concentration, and dyeing electrolyte on the decoloration was studied. The time required to reach a fixed level of decoloration and the corresponding electricity consumption were also evaluated. Six reactive dyes with different chromophores and reactive groups were selected. The main statistical study was carried out on CI Reactive Orange 13, a textile dye with the commercial name ProcionOrange PX-2R (OrPX). Subsequently, the behavior of the other dyes was studied in comparison with the OrPX models. Tue, 04 Oct 2011 18:01:09 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/13422 2011-10-04T18:01:09Z Pepió Viñals, Montserrat; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen no Among several types of textiles colorants, reactive dyes represent about 30 50% of the total market share, and the most common group used as chromophore is the azo group (70%), followed by anthraquinone. The removal of such dyes from wastewater is a problem in textile mills. Electrochemical treatment has proven to be an interesting technique for removing dyes from wastewater, as it does not require any added chemical reagents. Generally, this technique is applied to obtain partial dye degradation (until color removal). In this work, electrochemical treatment was performed in a batch cell. The influence of conductivity, temperature, pH, dye concentration, and dyeing electrolyte on the decoloration was studied. The time required to reach a fixed level of decoloration and the corresponding electricity consumption were also evaluated. Six reactive dyes with different chromophores and reactive groups were selected. The main statistical study was carried out on CI Reactive Orange 13, a textile dye with the commercial name ProcionOrange PX-2R (OrPX). Subsequently, the behavior of the other dyes was studied in comparison with the OrPX models. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/13320 Title: Gestión de residuos a lo largo del ciclo de vida de un automóvil Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Lacayo Vidal, Alex; Piqué Miserachs, Marc; López Grimau, Víctor Abstract: El estudio que se desarrolla a continuación tiene el objetivo de analizar los sectores y procesos de reciclaje de los residuos generados por un vehículo a lo largo de sus vida útil. Se pretende detectar posibles lagunas existentes en la actualidad y proponer mejoras organizativas según las carencias detectadas. Este estudio se realiza en definitiva, analizando el sector automovilístico y el reciclaje que se lleva a cabo en el mismo, teniendo en cuenta la aplicación de la Directiva Europea 2000/53 en el Estado Español y repasando los procesos de reciclaje de los diferentes componentes de un vehículo. Mediante las carencias detectadas en dichos procesos se propone l amejora de la gestión de los residuos en los talleres con la creación de un SIG (Sistema Integrado de Gestión) Mon, 26 Sep 2011 07:39:56 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/13320 2011-09-26T07:39:56Z Amante García, Beatriz; Lacayo Vidal, Alex; Piqué Miserachs, Marc; López Grimau, Víctor no El estudio que se desarrolla a continuación tiene el objetivo de analizar los sectores y procesos de reciclaje de los residuos generados por un vehículo a lo largo de sus vida útil. Se pretende detectar posibles lagunas existentes en la actualidad y proponer mejoras organizativas según las carencias detectadas. Este estudio se realiza en definitiva, analizando el sector automovilístico y el reciclaje que se lleva a cabo en el mismo, teniendo en cuenta la aplicación de la Directiva Europea 2000/53 en el Estado Español y repasando los procesos de reciclaje de los diferentes componentes de un vehículo. Mediante las carencias detectadas en dichos procesos se propone l amejora de la gestión de los residuos en los talleres con la creación de un SIG (Sistema Integrado de Gestión) http://hdl.handle.net/2117/12761 Title: Cuantificación del principio activo en microcápsulas sobre tejidos Authors: Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; López Grimau, Víctor; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Valldeperas Morell, José Tue, 14 Jun 2011 10:41:10 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/12761 2011-06-14T10:41:10Z Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; López Grimau, Víctor; Crespi Rosell, Martin; Valldeperas Morell, José no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/11206 Title: Gestión de residuos a lo largo del ciclo de vida de un automóvil Authors: Amante García, Beatriz; Lacayo, M.; Piqué, V.; López Grimau, Víctor Abstract: El estudio que se desarrolla a continuación tiene el objetivo de analizar los sectores y procesos de reciclaje de los residuos generados por un vehículo a lo largo de su vida útil. Se pretende detectar posibles lagunas existentes en la actualidad y proponer mejoras organizativas según las carencias detectadas. Este estudio se realiza en definitiva, analizando el sector automovilístico y el reciclaje que se lleva a cabo en el mismo, teniendo en cuenta la aplicación de la Directiva Europea 2000/53 en el Estado Español y repasando los procesos de reciclaje de los diferentes componentes de un vehículo. Mediante las carencias detectadas en dichos procesos se propone la mejora de la gestión de los residuos en los talleres con la creación de un SIG (Sistema Integrado de Gestión). Wed, 26 Jan 2011 08:20:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/11206 2011-01-26T08:20:00Z Amante García, Beatriz; Lacayo, M.; Piqué, V.; López Grimau, Víctor no El estudio que se desarrolla a continuación tiene el objetivo de analizar los sectores y procesos de reciclaje de los residuos generados por un vehículo a lo largo de su vida útil. Se pretende detectar posibles lagunas existentes en la actualidad y proponer mejoras organizativas según las carencias detectadas. Este estudio se realiza en definitiva, analizando el sector automovilístico y el reciclaje que se lleva a cabo en el mismo, teniendo en cuenta la aplicación de la Directiva Europea 2000/53 en el Estado Español y repasando los procesos de reciclaje de los diferentes componentes de un vehículo. Mediante las carencias detectadas en dichos procesos se propone la mejora de la gestión de los residuos en los talleres con la creación de un SIG (Sistema Integrado de Gestión). http://hdl.handle.net/2117/10714 Title: Tecnologías alternativas para el tratamiento de aguas residuales textiles Authors: García Montaño, Júlia; Surribas, Anna; Alaman, Marta; Blanco, José; Torrades Carné, Francesc; Blanco, Miren; Martinez, Amaia; Marcaide, Arrate Abstract: Los Procesos Avanzados de Oxidación tipo Fenton, orientados a la mineralización de contaminantes orgánicos persistentes, y los métodos enzimáticos para la decoloración, suponen una alternativa viable para la depuración de efluentes textiles. Aplicados bajo condiciones óptimas de operación, ambos alcanzan niveles de descontaminación satisfactorios, pudiendo aplicarse como complemento de los procesos de depuración biológicos convencionales. Wed, 22 Dec 2010 18:24:42 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/10714 2010-12-22T18:24:42Z García Montaño, Júlia; Surribas, Anna; Alaman, Marta; Blanco, José; Torrades Carné, Francesc; Blanco, Miren; Martinez, Amaia; Marcaide, Arrate no Los Procesos Avanzados de Oxidación tipo Fenton, orientados a la mineralización de contaminantes orgánicos persistentes, y los métodos enzimáticos para la decoloración, suponen una alternativa viable para la depuración de efluentes textiles. Aplicados bajo condiciones óptimas de operación, ambos alcanzan niveles de descontaminación satisfactorios, pudiendo aplicarse como complemento de los procesos de depuración biológicos convencionales. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/10255 Title: Degradation of polyethoxylated nonylphenols in a sewage treatment plant. Quantitative analysis by isotopic dilution-HRGC/MS Authors: Planas Pastor, Carles; Guadayol Cunill, José María; Droguet Rifà, Marta; Escalas Cañellas, Antoni; Rivera Aranda, Josep; Caixach Gamisans, Josep Abstract: Polyethoxylated alkylphenols (APnEO, where n is the number of ethylene oxide molecules), are non-ionic surfactants widely used for domestic and industrial purposes.Most of APnEO are polyethoxylated nonylphenols (NPnEO). NPnEO are widespread environmental pollutants with relatively low toxicity for mammals and higher toxicity for aquatic organisms.In addition, they have been described as endocrine disrupters in recent publications. One of the main problems related to these surfactants is their uncomplete degradation, even in the most effective sewage treatment plants.Usually, the final products, more toxic and resistant to biological degradation than NPnEO, are nonylphenol (NP), monoethoxylated nonylphenol (NP1EO), diethoxylated nonylphenol (NP2EO), nonylphenoxy acetic acid (NP1EC), and nonylphenoxyethoxy acetic acid (NP2EC). In this paper, the degradation of NPnEO was studied in the different processes of a sewage treatment plant.For this purpose, NP, NP1EO and NP2EO were analysed in composite samples collected at different points along the plant (influent, pre-treatment effluent, primary effluent, plant effluent). Analyses were carried out by isotopic dilution-HRGC/MS, using available labelled nonylphenols (13C6-NP, 13C6-NP1EO, 13C6-NP2EO) as internal standards.Extraction of NPnEO from aqueous samples, previous to analysis, was performed by the Likens-Nickerson method (simultaneous steam distillation/solvent extraction, SDE). Thu, 11 Nov 2010 16:00:09 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/10255 2010-11-11T16:00:09Z Planas Pastor, Carles; Guadayol Cunill, José María; Droguet Rifà, Marta; Escalas Cañellas, Antoni; Rivera Aranda, Josep; Caixach Gamisans, Josep no Polyethoxylated alkylphenols (APnEO, where n is the number of ethylene oxide molecules), are non-ionic surfactants widely used for domestic and industrial purposes.Most of APnEO are polyethoxylated nonylphenols (NPnEO). NPnEO are widespread environmental pollutants with relatively low toxicity for mammals and higher toxicity for aquatic organisms.In addition, they have been described as endocrine disrupters in recent publications. One of the main problems related to these surfactants is their uncomplete degradation, even in the most effective sewage treatment plants.Usually, the final products, more toxic and resistant to biological degradation than NPnEO, are nonylphenol (NP), monoethoxylated nonylphenol (NP1EO), diethoxylated nonylphenol (NP2EO), nonylphenoxy acetic acid (NP1EC), and nonylphenoxyethoxy acetic acid (NP2EC). In this paper, the degradation of NPnEO was studied in the different processes of a sewage treatment plant.For this purpose, NP, NP1EO and NP2EO were analysed in composite samples collected at different points along the plant (influent, pre-treatment effluent, primary effluent, plant effluent). Analyses were carried out by isotopic dilution-HRGC/MS, using available labelled nonylphenols (13C6-NP, 13C6-NP1EO, 13C6-NP2EO) as internal standards.Extraction of NPnEO from aqueous samples, previous to analysis, was performed by the Likens-Nickerson method (simultaneous steam distillation/solvent extraction, SDE). http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8487 Title: Tratamiento electroquímico y reutilización de efluentes de tintura Authors: Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; López Grimau, Víctor; Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes; Crespi Rosell, Martin Abstract: Las técnicas electroquímicas ofrecen muchas ventajas para el tratamiento de los efluentes industriales. Dichos procesos son limpios, trabajan a temperatura ambiente y en la mayoría de los casos no necesitan de la adición de reactivos (como es el caso de los efluentes de tintura con colorantes reactivos). Concretamente, los tratamientos electroquímicos de efluentes textiles son métodos eficientes para la eliminación de color. Con el tratamiento electroquímico, las moléculas de colorante se oxidan fragmentándose en otras más pequeñas. Los productos incoloros que se producen son tratados en una planta de tratamiento biológico convencional. En este trabajo, se trataron diversos efluentes que contenían colorantes reactivos en una celda electroquímica con electrodos de Ti/óxidos de Pt. Se evaluó la eficacia en la eliminación del color de la técnica combinada con irradiación UV. Además, se observó que los efluentes tratados no producen efectos de inhibición en una planta biológica. Se evaluó también el rendimiento de un tratamiento biológico posterior. Como alternativa al vertido del efluente, otra posibilidad es su reutilización en nuevos procesos de tintura. En este sentido, se llevaron a cabo diversos ensayos y se establecieron las condicones de reutilización. Se observó que los efluentes de lavado se pueden reutilizar fácilmente y que incluso se pueden reutilizar los efluentes de tintura, lo cual implica una importante reducción en el consumo de sales y agua, así como una disminución de la salinidad de los efluentes descargados. Fri, 30 Jul 2010 11:23:04 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8487 2010-07-30T11:23:04Z Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; López Grimau, Víctor; Riera Torres, Miquel Antoni; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes; Crespi Rosell, Martin no Las técnicas electroquímicas ofrecen muchas ventajas para el tratamiento de los efluentes industriales. Dichos procesos son limpios, trabajan a temperatura ambiente y en la mayoría de los casos no necesitan de la adición de reactivos (como es el caso de los efluentes de tintura con colorantes reactivos). Concretamente, los tratamientos electroquímicos de efluentes textiles son métodos eficientes para la eliminación de color. Con el tratamiento electroquímico, las moléculas de colorante se oxidan fragmentándose en otras más pequeñas. Los productos incoloros que se producen son tratados en una planta de tratamiento biológico convencional. En este trabajo, se trataron diversos efluentes que contenían colorantes reactivos en una celda electroquímica con electrodos de Ti/óxidos de Pt. Se evaluó la eficacia en la eliminación del color de la técnica combinada con irradiación UV. Además, se observó que los efluentes tratados no producen efectos de inhibición en una planta biológica. Se evaluó también el rendimiento de un tratamiento biológico posterior. Como alternativa al vertido del efluente, otra posibilidad es su reutilización en nuevos procesos de tintura. En este sentido, se llevaron a cabo diversos ensayos y se establecieron las condicones de reutilización. Se observó que los efluentes de lavado se pueden reutilizar fácilmente y que incluso se pueden reutilizar los efluentes de tintura, lo cual implica una importante reducción en el consumo de sales y agua, así como una disminución de la salinidad de los efluentes descargados. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8485 Title: Intexter, pasado y futuro de la investigación textil Authors: Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes Abstract: El Instituto de Investigación Textil y Cooperación Industrial de Terrassa, INTEXTER, es una unidad básica de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC) fundado en 1954, siendo su principal objetivo fomentar la investigación y cooperación industrial en todos aquellos aspectos relacionados con el sector textil y áreas relacionadas. Las actividades del INTEXTER contemplan tres áreas complementarias que abarcan desde el proceso y desarrollo de productos y tecnología y cooperación con la industria mediante proyectos I+D. Otro objetivo del INTEXTER es la formación de técnicos e investigadores a través de cursos de tercer ciclo universitario (doctorado, másters universitarios, cursos de postgrado) y cursos específicos para la industria. Estas actividades se desarrrollan en 4 grupos de investigación: Materiales Poliméricos-Química Textil, Tecnología Textil, Ingeniería Ambiental y Toxicología Medioambiental - Microbiología Sanitaria, siendo actualmente, sus nuevos campos de actuación: desarrollo de una nueva máquina spinning, producción de nanofibras, simulación de un sistema para producción de maquinaria textil, textiles reciclables para automoción, desarrrollo de un proceso limpio para la tintura textil, reciclado de baños de lavanderías, etc. Fri, 30 Jul 2010 10:42:38 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8485 2010-07-30T10:42:38Z Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen; Vilaseca Vallvé, M. Mercedes no El Instituto de Investigación Textil y Cooperación Industrial de Terrassa, INTEXTER, es una unidad básica de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC) fundado en 1954, siendo su principal objetivo fomentar la investigación y cooperación industrial en todos aquellos aspectos relacionados con el sector textil y áreas relacionadas. Las actividades del INTEXTER contemplan tres áreas complementarias que abarcan desde el proceso y desarrollo de productos y tecnología y cooperación con la industria mediante proyectos I+D. Otro objetivo del INTEXTER es la formación de técnicos e investigadores a través de cursos de tercer ciclo universitario (doctorado, másters universitarios, cursos de postgrado) y cursos específicos para la industria. Estas actividades se desarrrollan en 4 grupos de investigación: Materiales Poliméricos-Química Textil, Tecnología Textil, Ingeniería Ambiental y Toxicología Medioambiental - Microbiología Sanitaria, siendo actualmente, sus nuevos campos de actuación: desarrollo de una nueva máquina spinning, producción de nanofibras, simulación de un sistema para producción de maquinaria textil, textiles reciclables para automoción, desarrrollo de un proceso limpio para la tintura textil, reciclado de baños de lavanderías, etc. http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8345 Title: Decolourisation of simulated reactive dyebath effluents by electrochemical oxidation assisted by UV light Authors: López Grimau, Víctor; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen Abstract: This study is focused on the optimisation of the electrochemical decolourisation of textile effluents containing reactive dyes with the aim of making feasible—technically and economically—this method at industrial scale. Coloured waters were treated in continuous at low current density, to reduce the electrical consumption. Ti/PtOx electrodes were used to oxidize simulated dyebaths prepared with an azo/dichlorotriazine reactive dye (C.I. Reactive Orange 4). The decolourisation yield was dependent on the dyeing electrolyte (NaCl or Na2SO4). Dyeing effluents which contained from 0.5 to 20 g l−1 of NaCl reached a high decolourisation yield, depending on the current density, immediately after the electrochemical process. These results were improved when the effluents were stored for several hours under solar light. After the electrochemical treatment the effluents were stored in a tank and exposed under different lighting conditions: UV light, solar light and darkness. The evolution of the decolourisation versus the time of storage was reported and kinetic constants were calculated. The time of storage was significantly reduced by the application of UV light. A dye mineralization study was also carried out on a concentrated dyebath. A TOC removal of 81% was obtained when high current density was applied for a prolonged treatment with recirculation. This treatment required a high electrical consumption. Thu, 22 Jul 2010 11:06:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/8345 2010-07-22T11:06:00Z López Grimau, Víctor; Gutiérrez Bouzán, María Carmen no This study is focused on the optimisation of the electrochemical decolourisation of textile effluents containing reactive dyes with the aim of making feasible—technically and economically—this method at industrial scale. Coloured waters were treated in continuous at low current density, to reduce the electrical consumption. Ti/PtOx electrodes were used to oxidize simulated dyebaths prepared with an azo/dichlorotriazine reactive dye (C.I. Reactive Orange 4). The decolourisation yield was dependent on the dyeing electrolyte (NaCl or Na2SO4). Dyeing effluents which contained from 0.5 to 20 g l−1 of NaCl reached a high decolourisation yield, depending on the current density, immediately after the electrochemical process. These results were improved when the effluents were stored for several hours under solar light. After the electrochemical treatment the effluents were stored in a tank and exposed under different lighting conditions: UV light, solar light and darkness. The evolution of the decolourisation versus the time of storage was reported and kinetic constants were calculated. The time of storage was significantly reduced by the application of UV light. A dye mineralization study was also carried out on a concentrated dyebath. A TOC removal of 81% was obtained when high current density was applied for a prolonged treatment with recirculation. This treatment required a high electrical consumption.