http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16329 Wed, 19 Jun 2013 10:42:12 GMT 2013-06-19T10:42:12Z webmaster.bupc@upc.edu Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Servei de Biblioteques i Documentació no http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16988 Title: Comparative Study of Multivariate Methods to Identify Paper Finishes Using Infrared Spectroscopy Authors: Riba Ruiz, Jordi-Roger; Canals Parelló, Trini; Cantero Gómez, María Rosa Abstract: Recycled paper is extensively used worldwide. In the last decades its market has expanded considerably. The increasing use of recycled paper in papermaking has led to the production of paper containing several types of impurities. Consequently, wastepaper mills are forced to implement quality control schemes for evaluating the incoming wastepaper stock, thus guarantying the specifications of the final product. The main objective of this work is to present a fast and reliable system for identifying different paper types. Therefore, undesirable paper types can be refused, improving the performance of the paper machine and the final quality of the paper manufactured. For this purpose two fast techniques, i.e., Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) and reflectance near-infrared (*IR) were applied to acquire the infrared spectra of the paper samples. *ext, four processing multivariate methods, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis (CVA), extended canonical variate analysis (ECVA) and support vector machines (SVM) were employed in the feature extraction –or dimension reduction– stage. Afterwards, the k nearest neighbors algorithm (k**) was used in the classification phase. Experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed methodology and the potential of both FTIR and *IR spectroscopic methods. Using the FTIR spectrum in association with SVM and k** the system achieved maximum classification accuracy of 100%, whereas using the *IR spectrum in association with ECVA or SVM and k** the system achieved maximum classification accuracy of 96.4% Wed, 21 Nov 2012 15:09:04 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16988 2012-11-21T15:09:04Z Riba Ruiz, Jordi-Roger; Canals Parelló, Trini; Cantero Gómez, María Rosa no Recycled paper is extensively used worldwide. In the last decades its market has expanded considerably. The increasing use of recycled paper in papermaking has led to the production of paper containing several types of impurities. Consequently, wastepaper mills are forced to implement quality control schemes for evaluating the incoming wastepaper stock, thus guarantying the specifications of the final product. The main objective of this work is to present a fast and reliable system for identifying different paper types. Therefore, undesirable paper types can be refused, improving the performance of the paper machine and the final quality of the paper manufactured. For this purpose two fast techniques, i.e., Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) and reflectance near-infrared (*IR) were applied to acquire the infrared spectra of the paper samples. *ext, four processing multivariate methods, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis (CVA), extended canonical variate analysis (ECVA) and support vector machines (SVM) were employed in the feature extraction –or dimension reduction– stage. Afterwards, the k nearest neighbors algorithm (k**) was used in the classification phase. Experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed methodology and the potential of both FTIR and *IR spectroscopic methods. Using the FTIR spectrum in association with SVM and k** the system achieved maximum classification accuracy of 100%, whereas using the *IR spectrum in association with ECVA or SVM and k** the system achieved maximum classification accuracy of 96.4% http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16423 Title: Temperature dependence of density and viscosity of vegetable oils Authors: Esteban Dalmau, Bernat; Riba Ruiz, Jordi-Roger; Baquero Armans, Grau; Rius Carrasco, Antoni; Puig Vidal, Rita Abstract: The straight use of vegetable oils as fuel in diesel engines entails adjusting several physical properties such as density and viscosity. By adequately heating the vegetable oil before entering the injection system, its physical parameters can reach values very close to that of diesel fuel. Consequently, by properly adjusting the temperature of vegetable oils used as fuel, it is possible to improve their combustion performance, thus avoiding premature engine aging due to incomplete burning. In this study the density and viscosity of several vegetable oils are studied within a wide variety of temperatures. The optimal range of temperatures at which each vegetable oil should operate in order to adjust its properties to those of automotive diesel and biodiesel is then found. Additionally an empirical relationship between the dependence of viscosity with density is presented. Thus, by means of the above-described relationship, through measuring the density of a given oil, its viscosity can be directly deduced Tue, 04 Sep 2012 15:25:28 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16423 2012-09-04T15:25:28Z Esteban Dalmau, Bernat; Riba Ruiz, Jordi-Roger; Baquero Armans, Grau; Rius Carrasco, Antoni; Puig Vidal, Rita no Combustion, Density, Diesel engine, Straight vegetable oil, Viscosity The straight use of vegetable oils as fuel in diesel engines entails adjusting several physical properties such as density and viscosity. By adequately heating the vegetable oil before entering the injection system, its physical parameters can reach values very close to that of diesel fuel. Consequently, by properly adjusting the temperature of vegetable oils used as fuel, it is possible to improve their combustion performance, thus avoiding premature engine aging due to incomplete burning. In this study the density and viscosity of several vegetable oils are studied within a wide variety of temperatures. The optimal range of temperatures at which each vegetable oil should operate in order to adjust its properties to those of automotive diesel and biodiesel is then found. Additionally an empirical relationship between the dependence of viscosity with density is presented. Thus, by means of the above-described relationship, through measuring the density of a given oil, its viscosity can be directly deduced