Ponències/Comunicacions de congressos
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/3451
2024-03-29T00:16:51Z
-
Effect of angle errors in conical tip buffer rods
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/117553
Effect of angle errors in conical tip buffer rods
García Álvarez, Javier; García Hernández, Miguel J.; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; Turó Peroy, Antonio; Salazar Soler, Jorge
Buffer rods are usually plastic or metallic solid cylinders of known acoustic properties, which are placed between the ultrasonic transducer and the sample under study. For some applications, the buffer rod end in contact with the sample under inspection is shaped in a form of a conical tip. If the cone angle is fixed to 45°, the components of the ultrasonic wave reflected at the buffer conical tip are received at the transducer in phase, forming thus a maximum amplitude signal. Otherwise, the components of the ultrasonic wave are received out of phase, composing thus a weaker signal. In this work, the effect of the buffer rod cone angle on the measurement signals has been studied by means of simulations and experiments. The simulations were performed using a two-dimensional finite differences tool and the measurements were conducted with the same operating conditions and buffer rod materials and dimensions than those defined for simulations. The influence of some aspects such as ultrasonic transducer operating frequency and diameter, and buffer rod material has also been analyzed.
2018-05-25T16:21:21Z
García Álvarez, Javier
García Hernández, Miguel J.
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Turó Peroy, Antonio
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Buffer rods are usually plastic or metallic solid cylinders of known acoustic properties, which are placed between the ultrasonic transducer and the sample under study. For some applications, the buffer rod end in contact with the sample under inspection is shaped in a form of a conical tip. If the cone angle is fixed to 45°, the components of the ultrasonic wave reflected at the buffer conical tip are received at the transducer in phase, forming thus a maximum amplitude signal. Otherwise, the components of the ultrasonic wave are received out of phase, composing thus a weaker signal. In this work, the effect of the buffer rod cone angle on the measurement signals has been studied by means of simulations and experiments. The simulations were performed using a two-dimensional finite differences tool and the measurements were conducted with the same operating conditions and buffer rod materials and dimensions than those defined for simulations. The influence of some aspects such as ultrasonic transducer operating frequency and diameter, and buffer rod material has also been analyzed.
-
Linearity error in Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to the installation on pipes made of dispersive materials
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/112194
Linearity error in Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to the installation on pipes made of dispersive materials
Millán Blasco, Oliver; Salazar Soler, Jorge; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; Turó Peroy, Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article analyses and explains the implications that dispersive materials have over the linearity in flow measurement when a Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter is used.
This is of capital importance because dispersive materials are
commonly used in the manufacture of transducer wedges and
pipes.
The evaluation of this phenomenon has been tested by
experimental measurement. The used setup consisted of a water
flow calibration facility where a commercial Clamp-on ultrasonic
flowmeter was installed on it and its flow measurement was
compared with a reference flowmeter.
Two experiments have been conducted. A first experiment
was performed to evaluate only the effect produced by the fact
that the transducer wedge is made of dispersive material. For this
reason, an ultrasonic flowmeter was installed on a pipe made of
non-dispersive material, in this case, an INOX pipe. Linearity
error introduced by the wedge was below 1%. This error
complies with the accuracy specification of the ultrasonic
flowmeter given by the manufacturer (±1.5%).
Finally, a second experiment consisted of installing the
ultrasonic flowmeter on a dispersive pipe (PVC pipe) in order to
measure the worst condition (both materials, wedge and pipe,
were dispersive). Under this condition, the linearity error was
increased until it reaches a value of 6.4%. Moreover, in case of a
dispersive material pipe, the bigger the pipe thickness is, the
bigger non-linearity error is reached.
© 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
2017-12-15T18:06:48Z
Millán Blasco, Oliver
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Turó Peroy, Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article analyses and explains the implications that dispersive materials have over the linearity in flow measurement when a Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter is used.
This is of capital importance because dispersive materials are
commonly used in the manufacture of transducer wedges and
pipes.
The evaluation of this phenomenon has been tested by
experimental measurement. The used setup consisted of a water
flow calibration facility where a commercial Clamp-on ultrasonic
flowmeter was installed on it and its flow measurement was
compared with a reference flowmeter.
Two experiments have been conducted. A first experiment
was performed to evaluate only the effect produced by the fact
that the transducer wedge is made of dispersive material. For this
reason, an ultrasonic flowmeter was installed on a pipe made of
non-dispersive material, in this case, an INOX pipe. Linearity
error introduced by the wedge was below 1%. This error
complies with the accuracy specification of the ultrasonic
flowmeter given by the manufacturer (±1.5%).
Finally, a second experiment consisted of installing the
ultrasonic flowmeter on a dispersive pipe (PVC pipe) in order to
measure the worst condition (both materials, wedge and pipe,
were dispersive). Under this condition, the linearity error was
increased until it reaches a value of 6.4%. Moreover, in case of a
dispersive material pipe, the bigger the pipe thickness is, the
bigger non-linearity error is reached.
-
Influence on the accuracy of clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to the recombination of multiple propagation paths
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/111413
Influence on the accuracy of clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to the recombination of multiple propagation paths
Millán Blasco, Oliver; Salazar Soler, Jorge; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; Turó Peroy, Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.
Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters geometry includes four different materials in the ultrasound propagation path: wedge, coupling material, pipe and liquid. In this case, oblique incidence ultrasonic beam generated by the emitter transducer is split into several paths caused by multiple reflections in pipe wall or because of propagation mode conversion at interfaces. These multiple paths are recombined at the reception transducer aperture, producing a single signal whose amplitude and phase depend on which proportion each path contributes. The objective of this paper is to quantify this phenomenon and analyses the implications it has on the accuracy of Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters as a function of the fluid that flows inside the pipe.
According to simulations, based on 2D ray tracing model and experimental measurements, the variations in the recombination signal at the reception transducer produces a linearity error that in case of the installation under test, Z-mode transducers configuration on PVC pipe, could reach a value of 3.2%.
2017-12-01T09:32:39Z
Millán Blasco, Oliver
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Turó Peroy, Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters geometry includes four different materials in the ultrasound propagation path: wedge, coupling material, pipe and liquid. In this case, oblique incidence ultrasonic beam generated by the emitter transducer is split into several paths caused by multiple reflections in pipe wall or because of propagation mode conversion at interfaces. These multiple paths are recombined at the reception transducer aperture, producing a single signal whose amplitude and phase depend on which proportion each path contributes. The objective of this paper is to quantify this phenomenon and analyses the implications it has on the accuracy of Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters as a function of the fluid that flows inside the pipe.
According to simulations, based on 2D ray tracing model and experimental measurements, the variations in the recombination signal at the reception transducer produces a linearity error that in case of the installation under test, Z-mode transducers configuration on PVC pipe, could reach a value of 3.2%.
-
Splitting of the ultrasounic beam path in clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to propagation through dispersive materials
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/111410
Splitting of the ultrasounic beam path in clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters due to propagation through dispersive materials
Millán Blasco, Oliver; Salazar Soler, Jorge; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; Turó Peroy, Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article explains how a multi-frequency ultrasonic beam path is split due to passing through dispersive materials and the implications that it has in flow measurement using a Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter. The importance of knowing this phenomenon is because dispersive materials are commonly used in the manufacture of transducer wedges and plastic pipes.
Splitting of the ultrasonic beam path occurs when the incident angle is not normal to the surface of the pipe and a coupling wedge is necessary. The diffraction angle is produced at the boundaries among materials with different propagation velocities (according to Snell’s law), and furthermore, in dispersive materials, the propagation speed depends on frequency. Therefore, when the excitation signal contains several frequential components, each frequency travels with a different velocity. Under this circumstance, different diffraction angles are produced for each frequency at the boundaries between materials.
As a result of splitting the path, the ultrasonic beam widens and the reception transducer aperture becomes too small to receive all the frequential components contained in the ultrasonic beam. Thus, when the ultrasonic beam is carried by the liquid flowing inside the pipe, the reception transducer receives different frequential contributions, producing change in its spectral composition. As a consequence of the mixing of these frequencies, the reception signal is modulated in phase and amplitude. Moreover, modulation will change as a function of frequential composition that is combined at the reception transducer. This is the origin of the linearity error in Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters.
2017-12-01T09:01:07Z
Millán Blasco, Oliver
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Turó Peroy, Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article explains how a multi-frequency ultrasonic beam path is split due to passing through dispersive materials and the implications that it has in flow measurement using a Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter. The importance of knowing this phenomenon is because dispersive materials are commonly used in the manufacture of transducer wedges and plastic pipes.
Splitting of the ultrasonic beam path occurs when the incident angle is not normal to the surface of the pipe and a coupling wedge is necessary. The diffraction angle is produced at the boundaries among materials with different propagation velocities (according to Snell’s law), and furthermore, in dispersive materials, the propagation speed depends on frequency. Therefore, when the excitation signal contains several frequential components, each frequency travels with a different velocity. Under this circumstance, different diffraction angles are produced for each frequency at the boundaries between materials.
As a result of splitting the path, the ultrasonic beam widens and the reception transducer aperture becomes too small to receive all the frequential components contained in the ultrasonic beam. Thus, when the ultrasonic beam is carried by the liquid flowing inside the pipe, the reception transducer receives different frequential contributions, producing change in its spectral composition. As a consequence of the mixing of these frequencies, the reception signal is modulated in phase and amplitude. Moreover, modulation will change as a function of frequential composition that is combined at the reception transducer. This is the origin of the linearity error in Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters.
-
Characterization of nonhomogeneity in the dispersive properties of the materials used in pipes
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/111406
Characterization of nonhomogeneity in the dispersive properties of the materials used in pipes
Millán Blasco, Oliver; Salazar Soler, Jorge; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; Turó Peroy, Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article is focused on the characterization of the lack of homogeneity in the dispersive acoustic properties of polymeric materials used in industrial pipes. Usually, the parameter of interest associated to dispersion is the variation in the propagation velocity as a function of the frequency or the temperature. Nevertheless, this paper, studies the variation in the propagation velocity, as a function of the intensity of the acoustic signal. In these cases, pipes made of PVC, PP and PVDF, which are commonly used in industrial installations, have been characterized.
For each type of pipe, high and low acoustic intensity signals have been applied in order to reproduce working conditions that typically appear in the pipe wall below the transducers in commercial Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters (UFMs). Under these conditions, acoustic velocity maps have been created for the three materials under test. These maps reveal two effects that are not usually taken into account. The first one is the variation of the propagation velocity with the power density of the ultrasonic signal and the second one is the nonhomogeneous behaviour along the pipe surface. Finally, the acoustic maps reflect how a stronger acoustic signal produces greater behaviour differences in the materials under test.
The characterized phenomenon of lack of homogeneity in dispersive acoustic properties, produces a variation in the zero flow error in Clamp-on UFM caused, so as not to fulfil the reciprocity criterion.
2017-12-01T07:54:45Z
Millán Blasco, Oliver
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Turó Peroy, Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
This article is focused on the characterization of the lack of homogeneity in the dispersive acoustic properties of polymeric materials used in industrial pipes. Usually, the parameter of interest associated to dispersion is the variation in the propagation velocity as a function of the frequency or the temperature. Nevertheless, this paper, studies the variation in the propagation velocity, as a function of the intensity of the acoustic signal. In these cases, pipes made of PVC, PP and PVDF, which are commonly used in industrial installations, have been characterized.
For each type of pipe, high and low acoustic intensity signals have been applied in order to reproduce working conditions that typically appear in the pipe wall below the transducers in commercial Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters (UFMs). Under these conditions, acoustic velocity maps have been created for the three materials under test. These maps reveal two effects that are not usually taken into account. The first one is the variation of the propagation velocity with the power density of the ultrasonic signal and the second one is the nonhomogeneous behaviour along the pipe surface. Finally, the acoustic maps reflect how a stronger acoustic signal produces greater behaviour differences in the materials under test.
The characterized phenomenon of lack of homogeneity in dispersive acoustic properties, produces a variation in the zero flow error in Clamp-on UFM caused, so as not to fulfil the reciprocity criterion.
-
Comparison between sine wave fitting and zero- crossing methods applied to QCM impedance measurements
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/107508
Comparison between sine wave fitting and zero- crossing methods applied to QCM impedance measurements
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.; Millán Blasco, Oliver; Tur Gaspar, Ignasi; Turó Peroy, Antonio; Amer, Miquel Àngel; Salazar Soler, Jorge
This paper presents a comparison between two
algorithms for sinusoidal signal characterization applied to QCM
impedance measurements. These algorithms are the zero crossing
and peak detection method and the 7 parameters sine-fitting
method. Simulation and experimental results from both methods
are shown in order to determine which method provides the best
performance in terms of accuracy. Obtaining a precise value of
the QCM impedance depends directly on the precise
measurement of the amplitude and phase of two sinusoidal
voltages. It was found that the sine-fitting method achieves better
results without an excessive associated computational burden.
These results will be applied to the development of a new
technique for biofilm characterization based on multiple QCM
impedance measurements.
2017-09-07T14:18:55Z
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
Millán Blasco, Oliver
Tur Gaspar, Ignasi
Turó Peroy, Antonio
Amer, Miquel Àngel
Salazar Soler, Jorge
This paper presents a comparison between two
algorithms for sinusoidal signal characterization applied to QCM
impedance measurements. These algorithms are the zero crossing
and peak detection method and the 7 parameters sine-fitting
method. Simulation and experimental results from both methods
are shown in order to determine which method provides the best
performance in terms of accuracy. Obtaining a precise value of
the QCM impedance depends directly on the precise
measurement of the amplitude and phase of two sinusoidal
voltages. It was found that the sine-fitting method achieves better
results without an excessive associated computational burden.
These results will be applied to the development of a new
technique for biofilm characterization based on multiple QCM
impedance measurements.
-
Analisis y diseño de un oscilador en banda V
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/83824
Analisis y diseño de un oscilador en banda V
Corbella Sanahuja, Ignasi; Salazar Soler, Jorge
In this paper the analysis and design of an oscillator in V band is presented. Taking advantage of a coaxial oscillation, sorne results related with frequency stability have been obtained. A special attention has been paid in the design of the RF choke.
2016-03-04T13:30:33Z
Corbella Sanahuja, Ignasi
Salazar Soler, Jorge
In this paper the analysis and design of an oscillator in V band is presented. Taking advantage of a coaxial oscillation, sorne results related with frequency stability have been obtained. A special attention has been paid in the design of the RF choke.
-
Monitorización del proceso de fermentación maloláctica en el vino tinto mediante propagación de ondas de ultrasonido
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/20296
Monitorización del proceso de fermentación maloláctica en el vino tinto mediante propagación de ondas de ultrasonido
Novoa Díaz, Daniel F.; Puig-Pujol, A.; Rodríguez Nogales, J. M.; Fernández Fernández, E.; Vila Crespo, J.; Capdevila, F; Amer, M.A.; García Álvarez, Víctor Óscar; Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio; García Hernández, Miguel J.; Turó Peroy, Antonio; Salazar Soler, Jorge
La acción de las bacterias fácticas, durante la fermentación maloláctica (FML) del vino tinto, tiene como principal finalidad la reducción del nivel de concentración del ácido málico al tiempo que se va incrementando el del ácido láctico y se van formando algunos metabolitos secundarios. Es factible pensar que, durante los dias necesarios para el completo desarrollo maloláctico, los diferentes cambios fisicoquimicos experimentados por el vino tinto conlleven a alteraciones sistemáticas en sus parámetros acústicos característicos, cambios que pueden ser aprovechados para monitorizar y caracterizar todo el proceso mediante ondas de ultrasonido.
Por consiguiente, en este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al poner en práctica un sistema que, midiendo velocidad de propagación durante intervalos de tiempo programados, realiza el seguimiento ultrasónico de la FML llevada a cabo en vinos de la variedad Tempranillo y Merlot. Finalmente, se correlacionan estos resultados con las rnedidas de concentración que habitualmente se suelen realizar a través de métodos convencionales.
2013-10-03T19:02:03Z
Novoa Díaz, Daniel F.
Puig-Pujol, A.
Rodríguez Nogales, J. M.
Fernández Fernández, E.
Vila Crespo, J.
Capdevila, F
Amer, M.A.
García Álvarez, Víctor Óscar
Chávez Domínguez, Juan Antonio
García Hernández, Miguel J.
Turó Peroy, Antonio
Salazar Soler, Jorge
La acción de las bacterias fácticas, durante la fermentación maloláctica (FML) del vino tinto, tiene como principal finalidad la reducción del nivel de concentración del ácido málico al tiempo que se va incrementando el del ácido láctico y se van formando algunos metabolitos secundarios. Es factible pensar que, durante los dias necesarios para el completo desarrollo maloláctico, los diferentes cambios fisicoquimicos experimentados por el vino tinto conlleven a alteraciones sistemáticas en sus parámetros acústicos característicos, cambios que pueden ser aprovechados para monitorizar y caracterizar todo el proceso mediante ondas de ultrasonido.
Por consiguiente, en este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al poner en práctica un sistema que, midiendo velocidad de propagación durante intervalos de tiempo programados, realiza el seguimiento ultrasónico de la FML llevada a cabo en vinos de la variedad Tempranillo y Merlot. Finalmente, se correlacionan estos resultados con las rnedidas de concentración que habitualmente se suelen realizar a través de métodos convencionales.
-
Implementación y primeros resultados de la asignatura de introducción a la ingeniería en los nuevos grados de la ETSETB-UPC
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14036
Implementación y primeros resultados de la asignatura de introducción a la ingeniería en los nuevos grados de la ETSETB-UPC
Sayrol Clols, Elisa; Onrubia, Raúl; García Hernández, Miguel J.; Oliveras Vergés, Albert; Bragós Bardia, Ramon; Pegueroles Vallés, Josep R.; Alarcón Cot, Eduardo José; Camps Carmona, Adriano José; Sardà Ferrer, Joan; Consolación Segura, Carolina María; Mussons Sellés, Jaume; Pons Peregort, Olga
En este trabajo se describe la asignatura "Introducción a la Ingeniería de las TIC" que, basándose en restricciones y especificaciones iniciales, ha sido concebida, diseñada e implementada en la ETSETB de la UPC. Es la primera de una serie de cuatro asignaturas de proyectos distribuidas a lo largo de los grados. Está organizada en tres itinerarios paralelos que cubren la visión de sistema TIC complejo, los conceptos básicos de economía, empresa y gestión de proyectos y la realización física de un proyecto. En los primeros 5 años este proyecto se lleva a cabo sobre la plataforma SeaPerch, un pequeño robot subacuático desarrollado en el MIT Sea Grant, sobre el que se diseñan y construyen sistemas de medida y comunicaciones. Después de probarla con grupos pequeños durante dos cuatrimestres, se acomete su explotación con una previsión de 250 estudiantes en el cuatrimestre de primavera de este año.
2011-11-23T16:22:17Z
Sayrol Clols, Elisa
Onrubia, Raúl
García Hernández, Miguel J.
Oliveras Vergés, Albert
Bragós Bardia, Ramon
Pegueroles Vallés, Josep R.
Alarcón Cot, Eduardo José
Camps Carmona, Adriano José
Sardà Ferrer, Joan
Consolación Segura, Carolina María
Mussons Sellés, Jaume
Pons Peregort, Olga
En este trabajo se describe la asignatura "Introducción a la Ingeniería de las TIC" que, basándose en restricciones y especificaciones iniciales, ha sido concebida, diseñada e implementada en la ETSETB de la UPC. Es la primera de una serie de cuatro asignaturas de proyectos distribuidas a lo largo de los grados. Está organizada en tres itinerarios paralelos que cubren la visión de sistema TIC complejo, los conceptos básicos de economía, empresa y gestión de proyectos y la realización física de un proyecto. En los primeros 5 años este proyecto se lleva a cabo sobre la plataforma SeaPerch, un pequeño robot subacuático desarrollado en el MIT Sea Grant, sobre el que se diseñan y construyen sistemas de medida y comunicaciones. Después de probarla con grupos pequeños durante dos cuatrimestres, se acomete su explotación con una previsión de 250 estudiantes en el cuatrimestre de primavera de este año.
-
Análisis y diseño de un oscilador en banda V
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/11421
Análisis y diseño de un oscilador en banda V
Salazar Soler, Jorge; Corbella Sanahuja, Ignasi
In this paper the analysis and design of an oscillator in V ban is presented. Taking advantage of a coaxial oscillation, some results related with frequency stability have been obtained. A special attention has been paid in the design of the RF choke
2011-02-17T12:50:41Z
Salazar Soler, Jorge
Corbella Sanahuja, Ignasi
In this paper the analysis and design of an oscillator in V ban is presented. Taking advantage of a coaxial oscillation, some results related with frequency stability have been obtained. A special attention has been paid in the design of the RF choke