LiTA - Laboratori d'Innovació i Tecnologia en l'Arquitectura
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/14151
2024-03-28T12:54:07ZDocència impartida 2018-2020 : Departament Representació Arquitectònica ETSAV UPC
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/400291
Docència impartida 2018-2020 : Departament Representació Arquitectònica ETSAV UPC
Àvila Casademont, Genís; Bertomeu Farnós, Gerard; Bosch Folch, Guillem; Cabanas Ballbè, Miriam; Crespo Cabillo, Isabel; Gispert Hernández, Jordi de; Moliner Nuño, Sandra; López Miró, Cira; Soriano Botella, Enrique
Aquest llibre és el primer recull de l'experiència docent feta per l'equip de professors del departament de Representació Arquitectònica a l'Escola Tècnica Superior del Vallès. Es mostren alguns treballs d'estudiants o enunciats d'exercicis que permeten donar una visió global de la formació en matèries gràfiques impartides a l'ETSAV.
2024-01-25T13:59:30ZÀvila Casademont, GenísBertomeu Farnós, GerardBosch Folch, GuillemCabanas Ballbè, MiriamCrespo Cabillo, IsabelGispert Hernández, Jordi deMoliner Nuño, SandraLópez Miró, CiraSoriano Botella, EnriqueAquest llibre és el primer recull de l'experiència docent feta per l'equip de professors del departament de Representació Arquitectònica a l'Escola Tècnica Superior del Vallès. Es mostren alguns treballs d'estudiants o enunciats d'exercicis que permeten donar una visió global de la formació en matèries gràfiques impartides a l'ETSAV.The influence of activated coal mining wastes on the mineralogy of blended cement pastes
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/390637
The influence of activated coal mining wastes on the mineralogy of blended cement pastes
Frias Rojas, Moisés; Rodríguez Largo, Olga; Vigil de la Villa, Raquel; García Jiménez, Rosario; Martínez Ramírez, Sagrario; Fernández Carrasco, Lucía; Vegas, Iñigo
In recent years, kaolinite-based wastes are focusing the attention of researchers to obtain recycled metakaolinite, with consequent environmental and socioeconomic benefits. One of these lines of research is based on coal mining waste, which once activated thermally, it becomes a highly pozzolanic product (ACM). This study reports the influence of activated carbon mining waste on the formation and evolution of the mineralogical phases in the ACM/cement system as well as their influence on the microstructure up to 90 d of reaction. Mineralogical analyses clearly show that the addition of ACM modified mineralogical compounds of blended cements. The C4AH13 and C4AC¯H12 were the predominant phases in this type of cements; while in the ordinary portland cement cements, portlandite, ettringite, and carboaluminate were main hydrated phases. Two differential zones in the pore size distribution of the C-S-H gels at 12 and 4.5 nm were observed, predominating the formation of C-S-H gels at 12 nm when 20% of ACM was added to the cement.
2023-07-12T06:33:56ZFrias Rojas, MoisésRodríguez Largo, OlgaVigil de la Villa, RaquelGarcía Jiménez, RosarioMartínez Ramírez, SagrarioFernández Carrasco, LucíaVegas, IñigoIn recent years, kaolinite-based wastes are focusing the attention of researchers to obtain recycled metakaolinite, with consequent environmental and socioeconomic benefits. One of these lines of research is based on coal mining waste, which once activated thermally, it becomes a highly pozzolanic product (ACM). This study reports the influence of activated carbon mining waste on the formation and evolution of the mineralogical phases in the ACM/cement system as well as their influence on the microstructure up to 90 d of reaction. Mineralogical analyses clearly show that the addition of ACM modified mineralogical compounds of blended cements. The C4AH13 and C4AC¯H12 were the predominant phases in this type of cements; while in the ordinary portland cement cements, portlandite, ettringite, and carboaluminate were main hydrated phases. Two differential zones in the pore size distribution of the C-S-H gels at 12 and 4.5 nm were observed, predominating the formation of C-S-H gels at 12 nm when 20% of ACM was added to the cement.Chemical and mineral transformations that occur in mine waste and washery rejects during pre-utilization calcination
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/390634
Chemical and mineral transformations that occur in mine waste and washery rejects during pre-utilization calcination
Vigil de la Villa, Raquel; Frias Rojas, Moisés; García Jiménez, Rosario; Martínez Ramírez, Sagrario; Fernández Carrasco, Lucía
The mineralogical content of coal mine waste consists primarily of inorganic compounds which can be converted into a metakaolin-based product under controlled activation conditions that is also a highly pozzolanic material. Activation temperatures ranging from 500 to 900°C over 2h retention time affect the mineralogy of coal mine waste, as well as the formation and evolution of the hydrated phases that form during the pozzolanic reaction. The hydrated phases formed during the pozzolanic reaction in the activated coal mine waste (ACMW)/Ca(OH)2 system were C-S-H gels, stratlingite, tetracalcium aluminate hydrate, LDH compounds (phyllosilicate/carbonate) and monosulfoaluminate. Low temperatures (600°C) favored the formation of LDH compounds and stratlingite; whereas monosulfoaluminate formed during the hydrated phase at higher temperatures (900°C) during the first day of the pozzolanic reaction, and tetracalcium aluminate hydrate appeared as the dominant crystalline phase at 7 and 28days.
2023-07-12T05:48:27ZVigil de la Villa, RaquelFrias Rojas, MoisésGarcía Jiménez, RosarioMartínez Ramírez, SagrarioFernández Carrasco, LucíaThe mineralogical content of coal mine waste consists primarily of inorganic compounds which can be converted into a metakaolin-based product under controlled activation conditions that is also a highly pozzolanic material. Activation temperatures ranging from 500 to 900°C over 2h retention time affect the mineralogy of coal mine waste, as well as the formation and evolution of the hydrated phases that form during the pozzolanic reaction. The hydrated phases formed during the pozzolanic reaction in the activated coal mine waste (ACMW)/Ca(OH)2 system were C-S-H gels, stratlingite, tetracalcium aluminate hydrate, LDH compounds (phyllosilicate/carbonate) and monosulfoaluminate. Low temperatures (600°C) favored the formation of LDH compounds and stratlingite; whereas monosulfoaluminate formed during the hydrated phase at higher temperatures (900°C) during the first day of the pozzolanic reaction, and tetracalcium aluminate hydrate appeared as the dominant crystalline phase at 7 and 28days.Mineralogical study of calcined coal waste in a pozzolan/Ca(OH)(2) system
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/388633
Mineralogical study of calcined coal waste in a pozzolan/Ca(OH)(2) system
García Jiménez, Rosario; Vigil de la Villa, Raquel; Frias Rojas, Moisés; Rodríguez Largo, Olga; Martínez Ramírez, Sagrario; Fernández Carrasco, Lucía; de Soto, I. S.; Villar Cocina, E
Activated carbon mining waste influences the formation of hydrated phases, their saturation indexes and mineral stability fields during pozzolanic reactions. The behavior of these reactions is predicted in this study by examining the influence of carbon waste at 600 degrees C over 2 h, by means of a thermodynamic model running on a computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations (PHREEQC program: pH-REdox-Equilibrium in Program C). Experimental analysis of the solid phases shows early formation of monosulfoaluminate hydrate, C-S-H phases and subsequent precipitation of laminar minerals, tetracalcium aluminate hydrate, layered double hydroxide compounds (phyllosilicate/carbonate) (LDH) and stratlingite. Monosulfoaluminate hydrate was formed on day one of the reaction for samples with activated coal mining waste. The thermodynamic calculations confirmed the experimental observations.
2023-06-14T07:32:35ZGarcía Jiménez, RosarioVigil de la Villa, RaquelFrias Rojas, MoisésRodríguez Largo, OlgaMartínez Ramírez, SagrarioFernández Carrasco, Lucíade Soto, I. S.Villar Cocina, EActivated carbon mining waste influences the formation of hydrated phases, their saturation indexes and mineral stability fields during pozzolanic reactions. The behavior of these reactions is predicted in this study by examining the influence of carbon waste at 600 degrees C over 2 h, by means of a thermodynamic model running on a computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations (PHREEQC program: pH-REdox-Equilibrium in Program C). Experimental analysis of the solid phases shows early formation of monosulfoaluminate hydrate, C-S-H phases and subsequent precipitation of laminar minerals, tetracalcium aluminate hydrate, layered double hydroxide compounds (phyllosilicate/carbonate) (LDH) and stratlingite. Monosulfoaluminate hydrate was formed on day one of the reaction for samples with activated coal mining waste. The thermodynamic calculations confirmed the experimental observations.Experimental workshop in unconventional structures: deployable & tree-like structures SMiA -training and research at Barcelona Tech
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/373915
Experimental workshop in unconventional structures: deployable & tree-like structures SMiA -training and research at Barcelona Tech
Avellaneda, O. F.; Torres Londoño, Natalia Paola; Peña Villamil, Diana Maritza; Sastre Sastre, Ramon
The purpose of this paper is to share the experience, training and teaching students in non conventional structures area. The research group SMiA Structural Morphology in Architecture performed a practical and theoretical workshop designed to learn unconventional structures in architecture. The main objective was to propose a practical teaching method, the students gain the necessary tools to design lightweight and membrane structures developing an architectural project. Physical and digital tools are utilized, including WinTess3, Sketch Up, Grasshopper, a parametric-geometry-development-and-testing software.Lightweight Construction Course is an elective architecture program at ETSAV School of Architecture of "El Vallès", leading by Professor Dr.-Arch. Ramon Sastre. The main topics that were developed are: Deployable, Tree-Like, Reciprocal Frame, and Tensegrity Structures. In the present article we explain the practical experience in Deployable and Tree-like Structures. The course was offered to students in the last year of career at UPC, international students (Erasmus) and Master students.
2022-10-04T11:39:55ZAvellaneda, O. F.Torres Londoño, Natalia PaolaPeña Villamil, Diana MaritzaSastre Sastre, RamonThe purpose of this paper is to share the experience, training and teaching students in non conventional structures area. The research group SMiA Structural Morphology in Architecture performed a practical and theoretical workshop designed to learn unconventional structures in architecture. The main objective was to propose a practical teaching method, the students gain the necessary tools to design lightweight and membrane structures developing an architectural project. Physical and digital tools are utilized, including WinTess3, Sketch Up, Grasshopper, a parametric-geometry-development-and-testing software.Lightweight Construction Course is an elective architecture program at ETSAV School of Architecture of "El Vallès", leading by Professor Dr.-Arch. Ramon Sastre. The main topics that were developed are: Deployable, Tree-Like, Reciprocal Frame, and Tensegrity Structures. In the present article we explain the practical experience in Deployable and Tree-like Structures. The course was offered to students in the last year of career at UPC, international students (Erasmus) and Master students.Evaluation of steel structures integrity in a post-fire condition: case study of the Serradells sports centre in Andorra
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/373293
Evaluation of steel structures integrity in a post-fire condition: case study of the Serradells sports centre in Andorra
Muñoz Blanc, Carlos; Obiol Sánchez, Agustí; Fortea Navarro, Inmaculada
A new methodology is proposed for assessing the integrity of steel structures in a post-fire condition. The work includes a combination of numerical simulations and experimental techniques. A fire that affected the sports centre Els Serradells in Andorra in 2018 is presented as a case study. Flame propagation was characterized using computational fluid dynamics and combustion simulations; the obtained results were compared with the data collected on site, and time-temperature laws that affected the structural elements were determined. These laws enable the numerical characterisation of the heat transfer and temperature in structural members; several tests were conducted afterwards. The numerical results matched the chemical and microstructural alterations observed in steel, which allowed rationalizing reconstruction costs because the intervention was limited to elements with residual deformations. This methodology is expected to help increase the number of buildings that will be refurbished after a fire instead of being demolished and rebuilt.
2022-09-22T07:56:54ZMuñoz Blanc, CarlosObiol Sánchez, AgustíFortea Navarro, InmaculadaA new methodology is proposed for assessing the integrity of steel structures in a post-fire condition. The work includes a combination of numerical simulations and experimental techniques. A fire that affected the sports centre Els Serradells in Andorra in 2018 is presented as a case study. Flame propagation was characterized using computational fluid dynamics and combustion simulations; the obtained results were compared with the data collected on site, and time-temperature laws that affected the structural elements were determined. These laws enable the numerical characterisation of the heat transfer and temperature in structural members; several tests were conducted afterwards. The numerical results matched the chemical and microstructural alterations observed in steel, which allowed rationalizing reconstruction costs because the intervention was limited to elements with residual deformations. This methodology is expected to help increase the number of buildings that will be refurbished after a fire instead of being demolished and rebuilt.Effective moment of inertia and slenderness limits of reinforced concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete slabs
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/372978
Effective moment of inertia and slenderness limits of reinforced concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete slabs
Tošić, Nikola; Sanabra Loewe, Marc; Nogales Arroyo, Alejandro; Fuente Antequera, Albert de la
Following the trend of updating methods that establish the minimum slenderness of concrete members based on the work by Rangan and Scanlon, this paper elaborates new formulations of the effective moment of inertia factor (a), which expresses the ratio of the equivalent moment of inertia to the gross moment of inertia. For this purpose, closed-form solutions for a in reinforced concrete (RC) and fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) one-way members are derived. Further, a parametric study is carried out to evaluate the relationship of the neutral axis position in RC and FRC members with equal longitudinal reinforcement ratios. Additionally, a simplified equation is proposed for the neutral axis position in FRC members. Based on experimental and numerical data on deflections of FRC members, the expression for the effective moment of inertia is adjusted. Finally, a comparison between a factors for RC and FRC members is presented and implications for minimum thicknesses of members are discussed.
2022-09-19T14:36:23ZTošić, NikolaSanabra Loewe, MarcNogales Arroyo, AlejandroFuente Antequera, Albert de laFollowing the trend of updating methods that establish the minimum slenderness of concrete members based on the work by Rangan and Scanlon, this paper elaborates new formulations of the effective moment of inertia factor (a), which expresses the ratio of the equivalent moment of inertia to the gross moment of inertia. For this purpose, closed-form solutions for a in reinforced concrete (RC) and fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) one-way members are derived. Further, a parametric study is carried out to evaluate the relationship of the neutral axis position in RC and FRC members with equal longitudinal reinforcement ratios. Additionally, a simplified equation is proposed for the neutral axis position in FRC members. Based on experimental and numerical data on deflections of FRC members, the expression for the effective moment of inertia is adjusted. Finally, a comparison between a factors for RC and FRC members is presented and implications for minimum thicknesses of members are discussed.Application of life cycle assessment (LCA) for construction and demolition waste management: a Colombian case study
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/372923
Application of life cycle assessment (LCA) for construction and demolition waste management: a Colombian case study
Suárez Silgado, Sindy; Calderón Valdiviezo, Lucrecia Janneth; Mahecha Vanegas, Leandro Fernando
The construction industry not only consumes more raw materials and energy than any other economic activity, but also generates the largest fraction of waste, known as construction and demolition waste (CDW). This waste has major environmental implications, most notably in South American countries such as Colombia, where it is handled inappropriately. In this study, the management processes that are currently used for fractions of construction and demolition waste (CDW) generated in Ibagué (Colombia) were evaluated and the environmental impacts of the management of 1 kg of CDW were calculated. Other CDW management alternatives were evaluated, in which the percentage of the fraction of the waste and/or the treatment or management process that is used was modified to determine its environmental and economic viability. The information was obtained through telephone interviews and visits to recycling plants, construction companies, quarries, government entities, and inert landfills in the country. It was completed with secondary sources and the Ecoinvent v.2.2 database. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology and SimaPro 8 software were used to calculate the environmental impacts. An economic study of each management process and each alternative was also carried out. A comparison of the alternatives revealed the current alternative contributes most to the environmental impacts in all categories. The results of this study indicate that the most beneficial alternative in environmental and economic terms in Ibagué (Colombia) is that in which 100% of the metals are recovered, 100% of excavated earth is reused, and 100% of the stone waste is recycled (alternative 3). When a sensitivity analysis was carried out with different distances (30 km and 50 km), alternative 3 continued to be the most favorable.
2022-09-16T16:59:08ZSuárez Silgado, SindyCalderón Valdiviezo, Lucrecia JannethMahecha Vanegas, Leandro FernandoThe construction industry not only consumes more raw materials and energy than any other economic activity, but also generates the largest fraction of waste, known as construction and demolition waste (CDW). This waste has major environmental implications, most notably in South American countries such as Colombia, where it is handled inappropriately. In this study, the management processes that are currently used for fractions of construction and demolition waste (CDW) generated in Ibagué (Colombia) were evaluated and the environmental impacts of the management of 1 kg of CDW were calculated. Other CDW management alternatives were evaluated, in which the percentage of the fraction of the waste and/or the treatment or management process that is used was modified to determine its environmental and economic viability. The information was obtained through telephone interviews and visits to recycling plants, construction companies, quarries, government entities, and inert landfills in the country. It was completed with secondary sources and the Ecoinvent v.2.2 database. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology and SimaPro 8 software were used to calculate the environmental impacts. An economic study of each management process and each alternative was also carried out. A comparison of the alternatives revealed the current alternative contributes most to the environmental impacts in all categories. The results of this study indicate that the most beneficial alternative in environmental and economic terms in Ibagué (Colombia) is that in which 100% of the metals are recovered, 100% of excavated earth is reused, and 100% of the stone waste is recycled (alternative 3). When a sensitivity analysis was carried out with different distances (30 km and 50 km), alternative 3 continued to be the most favorable.Closing the gap between concrete maturity monitoring and nonlinear time-dependent fem analysis through a digital twin. Case study: post-tensioned concrete slab of an office building, Barcelona, Spain
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/371393
Closing the gap between concrete maturity monitoring and nonlinear time-dependent fem analysis through a digital twin. Case study: post-tensioned concrete slab of an office building, Barcelona, Spain
Posada Cárcamo, Héctor José; Chacón Flores, Rolando Antonio; Ungureanu, Lucian; Garcia Carrera, David
This paper proposes a pipeline for the automation of data between two realms: i) simulation, in a fully nonlinear, and time-dependent structural analysis model and, ii)concrete maturity monitoring data from the construction site. The connection enables an information construct understood for its use within the Digital Twin of the building during construction phases. The pipeline requires a comprehensive coordination between stakeholders at both the site (Construction) and the structural control office, which is challenging. The pipeline consists of a) temperature sensors, b) a mobile app connected to the sensor via Bluetooth with basic instructions for datagatherers, c) integration and interoperability of BIM, and, d) an advanced Finite Element (FE) model. By measuring the concrete temperature during many days, realistic concrete mechanical properties are inferred and infused into the FE models using adequate calibration. Two applications for the improvement of construction activities are identified. Formwork striking and tendons stressing. The paper describes the testbed of all the connections, for the construction of an in-situ casted concrete building in Barcelona, Spain.
2022-07-27T15:28:52ZPosada Cárcamo, Héctor JoséChacón Flores, Rolando AntonioUngureanu, LucianGarcia Carrera, DavidThis paper proposes a pipeline for the automation of data between two realms: i) simulation, in a fully nonlinear, and time-dependent structural analysis model and, ii)concrete maturity monitoring data from the construction site. The connection enables an information construct understood for its use within the Digital Twin of the building during construction phases. The pipeline requires a comprehensive coordination between stakeholders at both the site (Construction) and the structural control office, which is challenging. The pipeline consists of a) temperature sensors, b) a mobile app connected to the sensor via Bluetooth with basic instructions for datagatherers, c) integration and interoperability of BIM, and, d) an advanced Finite Element (FE) model. By measuring the concrete temperature during many days, realistic concrete mechanical properties are inferred and infused into the FE models using adequate calibration. Two applications for the improvement of construction activities are identified. Formwork striking and tendons stressing. The paper describes the testbed of all the connections, for the construction of an in-situ casted concrete building in Barcelona, Spain.Environmental performance assessment: a comparison and improvement of three existing social housing projects
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/368442
Environmental performance assessment: a comparison and improvement of three existing social housing projects
Velázquez Robles, Jani Fernanda; Coloma Picó, Eloi; Amin Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad
The energy consumption of buildings accounts for 22% of total global energy use and 13% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the environmental performance of three social housing designs located in emerging economies by analysing sustainability indicators adopting different technical solutions. The analysis incorporates eleven construction strategies to improve the environmental performance of the buildings. The performance assessment is analysed by using EDGE (Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies) Methodology. Therefore, this study aims to help identify the construction strategies, with the aim of improving the operational energy performance (kWh/year/m2floor), operational CO2 emissions (tCO2eq/Year/m2floor), embodied energy (MJ/m2floor) and operational water consumption of housing (m3/year/m2floor). The results showed that when the technical measures are implemented, the energy demand decreases by 38.52% in Case A, 19% in Case B, and 41% in Case C. The embodied energy savings in materials in Case A 3%, Case B 0% and Case C 36% Regarding water consumption, the demand decreases by 46%, 4%, and 12% in Case A, B, and C respectively.
2022-06-14T16:01:17ZVelázquez Robles, Jani FernandaColoma Picó, EloiAmin Hosseini, Seyed MohammadThe energy consumption of buildings accounts for 22% of total global energy use and 13% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the environmental performance of three social housing designs located in emerging economies by analysing sustainability indicators adopting different technical solutions. The analysis incorporates eleven construction strategies to improve the environmental performance of the buildings. The performance assessment is analysed by using EDGE (Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies) Methodology. Therefore, this study aims to help identify the construction strategies, with the aim of improving the operational energy performance (kWh/year/m2floor), operational CO2 emissions (tCO2eq/Year/m2floor), embodied energy (MJ/m2floor) and operational water consumption of housing (m3/year/m2floor). The results showed that when the technical measures are implemented, the energy demand decreases by 38.52% in Case A, 19% in Case B, and 41% in Case C. The embodied energy savings in materials in Case A 3%, Case B 0% and Case C 36% Regarding water consumption, the demand decreases by 46%, 4%, and 12% in Case A, B, and C respectively.