http://hdl.handle.net/2117/1251 2013-05-20T06:29:58Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16259 Title: Rehabilitación energética de edificios escolares en clima mediterráneo: caso de estudio, Barcelona Authors: Bosch González, Montserrat; Rodríguez Cantalapiedra, Inma; Álvarez del Castillo, Javier Abstract: necesidad de reducir el consumo energético se hace cada día más evidente, especialmente en Europa debido a su situación de dependencia energética de países externos a la Unión y también por razones relacionadas con el impacto ambiental y las emisiones asociadas. En este contexto, la rehabilitación energética de edificios es una línea de trabajo prioritaria que actúa sobre el parque edificado, y los edificios públicos deben ser un modelo o ejemplo para impulsar este tipo de actuaciones. Los centros docentes, con un potencial de ahorro muy importante y con unos consumos energéticos asociados básicamente a dos grandes conceptos, la iluminación y la climatización, pueden considerarse como un laboratorio de investigación en cuanto a eficiencia energética. A partir de las experiencias adquiridas durante más de 10 años se ha desarrollado una metodología de análisis para la intervención en edificios docentes en Barcelona con los siguientes objetivos: definir los indicadores estratégicos para identificar las oportunidades de ahorro, evaluar las posibles medidas de reducción de consumos a partir de la limitación de la demanda, analizar y dar contenido al papel de cada uno de los actores que intervienen en las estrategias de uso y gestión de los edificios escolares y establecer los criterios que deben considerarse para realizar las futuras intervenciones de rehabilitación energética. El método, como manera de pensar ordenadamente, ha de permitir optimizar los recursos y descubrir les rutas de trabajo que nos conduzcan al objetivo final: reducir el consumo energético del parque edificado http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18783 Title: Prefabricación en rehabilitación: el panel de madera contralaminada en el edificio de Ca la Dona Authors: Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta; Hormias Laperal, Emilio Abstract: En la rehabilitación del edificio histórico de la C/Ripoll nº25 de Barcelona para su adaptación a uso público se ha realizado una apuesta estructural innovadora realizando una substitución funcional de los forjados con paneles de madera contralaminada y conservando los forjados existentes validados por la diagnosis previa. Los forjados con paneles de madera contralaminada resuelven de forma respetuosa el comportamiento estructural de la edificación existente, dado que no modifican el estado general de cargas del edificio histórico. Su reducido peso propio permite que los muros estructurales originales sigan asumiendo su función portante, al mismo tiempo que el nuevo forjado confiere un mayor grado de estabilidad y arriostramiento a todo el conjunto. El montaje totalmente en seco conlleva la supresión de aportaciones de humedad de obra no deseadas sobre los materiales tradicionales del edificio. Esta prefabricación flexible permite reducir considerablemente el tiempo de ejecución, mejorar la seguridad en obra y plantear a largo plazo la reversibilidad de la intervención y la recuperación íntegra del material para su reciclaje sin generar residuos de derribo. Este proyecto abre un camino a la prefabricación de las soluciones utilizadas en rehabilitación arquitectónica permitiendo cumplir con los condicionantes normativos vigentes, e incorporando principios de sostenibilidad en el refuerzo estructural de la edificación existente. // Concerning restoring the historic building of 25th Ripoll Street in Barcelona for his adaptation to public use, it has been made an innovative structure solution based on a flooring functional substitution with cross-laminated timber panels while preserving the existent floorings validated by the initial diagnosis. Cross-laminated timber panels floorings respectfully resolve the structural behavior of the existing building as they do not alter the overall charge of the historic building. Its low weight enables the original structural walls to continue as load bearing, while the new flooring confers a greater degree of stability and bracing to the whole building. Completely dry assembly allows the removal of unwanted dump on the original building materials. This flexible prefabrication significantly reduces implementation time, improve safety at work and bring long-term reversibility of the intervention and the full recovery of material for recycling without generating demolition waste. This project opens a way to the prefabrication of the solutions used in architectural restoration, meeting the current regulatory constraints, while incorporating sustainability principles into the structural reinforcement of the existing building. Description: 1er. Premio TAFIBRA para la mejor comunicación en CIMADI11 (NitUPC 2012) 2013-04-15T08:45:02Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/18776 Title: The effects of combining nanoclay and steel wires multi-scalar reinforcements on the structure and properties of polyurethane foams Authors: Cano, Álvaro; Sousa Pais Antunes, Marcelo de; Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de; Haurie Ibarra, Laia; Velasco Perero, José Ignacio Abstract: In this paper we prepared and characterized several polyurethane composite foams by combining variable concentrations of organophilic clay (montmorillonite) and metal reinforcement, with the objective of developing novel multi-scalar multifunctional rigid foams. The addition of montmorillonite clay promoted foaming and the formation of finer and more homogeneous cellular structures, resulting in foams with compressive elastic moduli and collapse stresses lower than that of the unfilled polyurethane foams. However, a comparative analysis versus the foams’ relative density demonstrated that both mechanical properties follow one single trend for the two materials. The combination of montmorillonite and metal reinforcement further reduced the cell size of foams, ultimately resulting in foams with similar mechanical properties for considerably lower relative densities. Although no important differences in thermal conductivity were found for the polyurethane foams with adding montmorillonite, the incorporation of the metal reinforcement led to considerably higher thermal conductivities, its value increasing with increasing relative density. 2013-04-11T15:37:03Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17900 Title: Rehabilitación de cubiertas del centro de promociones económicas, en el Prat de Llobregat (Barcelona) Authors: Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta; Hormias Laperal, Emilio 2013-02-21T07:26:27Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17778 Title: Equipamientos sotenibles en la cooperación al desarrollo: la Universidad de la Chiquitania en Bolivia Authors: Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta; Hormias Laperal, Emilio 2013-02-15T09:43:20Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17648 Title: Bloques de tierra comprimida en el proyecto del Centro del Adulto Mayor de San José de Chiquitos, Bolivia Authors: Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta; Hormias Laperal, Emilio 2013-02-12T10:11:07Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17547 Title: L’expérience du projet Montada: forum de promotion de l’architecture traditionnelle au Maghreb Authors: Casanovas Boixereu, Francesc X. 2013-01-31T14:02:49Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17366 Title: Design and elastic behaviour influence of recycled RC buildings subjected to earthquakes Authors: Gómez Soberón, M. Consolació; Gómez Soberón, José Manuel Vicente; Gómez Soberón, Luis Alberto; Santillán Nieves, Octavio Abstract: Experimental testing has been used, in different researches, to define reduction factors of physical and mechanical properties in recycled concrete, depending on the quantity of recycled material used to produce new concrete. These reduction factors were applied to design different five-storey buildings having recycled aggregates percentages in the RC of 0%, 15%, 30%, 60% and 100%. These structures, subjected to seismic load from an accelerogram database, were analysed elastically and designed according to the Mexico City Seismic Code. Models with different amount of recycled aggregates were compared with models with conventional concrete to evaluate the dimensional variation of columns and girders, the required longitudinal reinforcing steel, the maximum displacements and the moments and shear forces in elements. Results show that using recycled aggregates in percentages from 15% to 100%, produces increases, compared with conventional concrete buildings, in the structural elements dimensions (in percentages from 5% to 45%), reinforcing steel (20% to 60%), and the general response of the structure, in percentages of up to 14%. 2013-01-15T10:54:19Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17171 Title: Diagnosis del estado actual del CEIP El Parc, en el Prat de Llobregat (Barcelona) Authors: Hormias Laperal, Emilio; Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta Abstract: El presente artículo explica la diagnosis realizada al edificio del Centro de Educación Infantil y Primaria El Parc de El Prat de Llobregat durante el año 2009. El objetivo de la diagnosis ha sido valorar la posibilidad de reutilización del edificio para acoger, en un futuro, un equipamiento público. El trabajo ha contemplado la investigación histórica del edificio, un levantamiento exhaustivo arquitectónico y de lesiones así como la realización de los ensayos de laboratorio necesarios para determinar las características de los elementos estructurales. En cuanto al terreno, se ha realizado un estudio geotécnico con el objetivo de identificar los estratos resistentes y la influencia del subsuelo en la presencia de humedades por capilaridad. Finalmente se ha realizado un peritaje y recálculo de la estructura contemplando la normativa vigente actualmente. 2012-12-20T12:07:31Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17170 Title: Dos casos de regeneració urbana desenvolupats per la UPC : El Morro de Moravia, Medellin - Ca la Dona, Barcelona Authors: Bestraten Castells, Sandra Cinta; Hormias Laperal, Emilio Abstract: La construcció de la ciutat és el fruit de les experiències de les persones que la integren, però la pròpia història les acostuma a fer invisibles. Des de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya estem treballant en dues experiències de recuperació d’espais per a la ciutat impulsades pel teixit associatiu. Les dues actuacions comparteixen la preocupació pel reciclatge i la revalorització amb intervencions clarament implicades amb la sostenibilitat. El primer cas és la Regeneració del Morro de Moravia. Es tracta d’una actuació urbana sobre un turó d’escombraries on durant tres dècades s’havia assentat un barri informal de barraques. Durant els últims 10 anys les famílies han estat reassentades en altres zones segures. El projecte actual consisteix en transformar el Morro o muntanya d’escombreries en un parc de jardins florals que permeti gestionar el control dels lixiviats mitjançant sistemes de fitoremediació amb valor paisatgístic (fig.1). La gestió d’aquest treball es realitza amb els suport veïnal dels ciutadans del barri de Moravia. L’associació feminista Ca la Dona acaba d’inaugurar la seva nova casa al barri de Ciutat Vella de Barcelona, després de 6 anys de procés participatiu. El projecte aposta per criteris innovadors de sostenibilitat i prefabricació aplicats a la rehabilitació. Però, el valor d’aquest projecte no està només en l’optimització dels recursos, sinó en el valor intangible del procés participatiu de gènere com a eina transformadora de la societat, d’un feminisme constructiu i compromès amb el món. 2012-12-20T11:26:47Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16924 Title: Physico-chemical properties, porosity and microstructure of sustainable concretes Authors: Arredondo Rea, Susana Paola; Corral Higuera, Ramón; Almaral Sánchez, Jorge Luis; Gómez Soberón, José Manuel Vicente; Portillo Pérez, Ansel Daniel Abstract: This paper deals with the properties and microstructure of sustainable concretes (SC) made with recycled concrete coarse aggregates and include different proportions of supplementary cementing materials (SCM) such as silica fume (SF) and flyy ash (FA). From test specimens different parameters were determined that define the minimum properties demanded by regulations to guarantee the durability and stability (mechanical and microstructural) of concrete. From the results it can be deduced that with 100% of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and SCM, greater compressive strength was obtained than specified in regulations and as determined in reference specimens. From SEM image analysis a low, porosity in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and a dense cementitious matrix were found. Consequently, it is recommended to control the use of these materials (RCA) by limiting the values of porosity or to require the addition of SCM able to diminish the porous network and to guarantee a greater structural density of the material. 2012-11-15T08:32:59Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16891 Title: Strength and durability parameters of an environmentally friendly concrete Authors: Corral Higuera, Ramón; Arredondo Rea, Susana Paola; Gómez Soberón, José Manuel Vicente; Gámez, Diana C.; Mendevil, José M.; Almaral Sánchez, Jorge Luis Abstract: Due to the significant environmental impact that the concrete production causes, and as a contribution to sustainability of this industry; presently sorne of the concrete constituents are replaced with alternative recycled materials. Chloride ingress into concrete is one of the main causes of electrochemicaJ corros ion of reinforcement. Although there is an interest to use Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) in concrete, its use is limited due to its detrimental effect on durability. Therefore in this research RCA and Supplementary Cementing Materials (SCM), such as Fly Ash (FA) and Silica Fume (SF), were used to produce durable and environmentally friendly concretes. They were evaluated based on Iheir compressive strength, porosity, electrical resistivity and chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion when Ihey were exposed lo accelerated chloride conditions. The corrosion rates of steel embedded in these concretes were measured by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. The results indicaled that concrete manufactured with 100% RCA are inferior to conventional concretes, but their performance can be improved by replacing Portland cement by 30% FA ev'lO% SE 2012-11-12T14:40:56Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16630 Title: Collaboration with the Fire brigades of Catalonia to define new protocols to collect data from a fire Authors: Lacasta Palacio, Ana María; Haurie Ibarra, Laia; Marimón Viadiu, Frederic 2012-10-04T09:17:53Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16522 Title: Evaluation of waste as a comparative criterion for building materials Authors: Gómez Soberón, José Manuel Vicente; Gómez Soberón, M. Consolació; Cabrera Covarrubias, F. Guadalupe; Corral Higuera, Ramón; Gámez García, Diana C.; Guerrero Díaz, Antonio; Gómez Soberón, Luis Alberto Abstract: In this paper, it analyzes and compares the use of three different materials (Reinforced Concrete -R. C.-, Steel and Wood) usable for the building, and construction processes that this entails. The analysis aimed to investigate which of the three materials is the most appropriate from the perspective of sustainability in order to propose alternatives that minimize the impact they have on the environment. Today, concrete is the material most commonly used in construction, and therefore must be environmental objective for reflection, that after analyzed, we can propose other typologies or alternative materials. The analysis included projects single-family housing for each of the materials and building systems proposed, these cases involved comparable properties within their specific environments (rules and context Spanish) and process variables normalization that validate the analysis. The work was developed using the software tool for managing, scheduling and forecasting of construction waste Net Waste Tool (NWT) Waste & Resources Action Programmer, in which, it proceeded entering data, characteristics, volumes, consumption and emissions of each entry or supplies described in the study variables, and in this way, determine and quantify the pollutants vectors generated by these. The analysis of the results obtained have been able to argue a selection of materials for building sustainable new approach to waste generation, understanding that at the end of a life cycle, process or matter that pollutes less is best 2012-09-19T12:32:43Z http://hdl.handle.net/2117/16383 Title: Improvement of the fire behaviour of PCM in building applications Authors: Haurie Ibarra, Laia; Lacasta Palacio, Ana María; Fernández Llado, Javier; Redondo Realinho, Vera Cristina de; Velasco Perero, José Ignacio Abstract: Phase change materials (PCM) have been proved to be an effective tool to regulate indoor temperature fluctuations and reduce the energetic demand of buildings [1,2]. Paraffins are among the most common PCM used for thermal storage in building applications. A broad range of melting temperatures, with an elevated heat of fusion associated, can be obtained varying the length of the hydrocarbon chain that forms the paraffins. Furthermore, they exhibit numerous benefits such as the nearly absence of supercooling, chemical stability, low vapor pressure during the phase change and no phase segregation [3]. These paraffins can be incorporated in several forms to building materials like gypsum or concrete [4]. Despite all these advantages, one major concern regarding the paraffins as PCM is their possible contribution to flame propagation in case of fire [5]. Several authors have tried to improve this aspect by combining the paraffins with HDPE polymers to obtain a form-stable PCM [6]. Blends of paraffin and polyethylene usually contain some inorganic filler, which can act improving both the thermal conductivity as well as the flame retardancy of the system [3, 7]. Microencapsulated PCM or paraffins adsorbed in a substrate are designed to be incorporated directly into the building material and, therefore blending with HDPE is less interesting. Another possibility to increase the fire performance of the PCM is the addition of flame retardants directly into the matrix-PCM mixture. Paraffins usually present their combustion between 220-320ºC and therefore the flame retardants selected should act in this temperature range. In this work we have studied the effect of different loads of PCM on the fire behaviour of gypsum boards. In order to improve the fire behaviour of the gypsum-PCM system, two different types of flame retardants have been added. We have chosen two endothermic flame retardants: aluminium hydroxide (ATH) and a synthetic basic magnesium carbonate, hydromagnesite (HM), obtained from an industrial by-product. Both FR have an endothermic decomposition starting around 200ºC and can be found among the cheapest alternatives to achieve flame retardancy. 2012-07-31T11:02:12Z