A fresco painting has a calcium carbonate binder produced as result of the carbonation process of a lime paste. The reaction environmental conditions are similar to those of bio-mineral formation where an amorphous calcium ...

In order to understand the interaction between copper containing pigments and the organic binders in paintings, as well as reaction/alteration products, a series of pictorial models have been prepared and ...

Se han analizado los materiales presentes en los estratos de intervención de pintura mural del Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, arrancada y traspasada según el procedimiento italiano introducido en 1919 por el restaurador ...

Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction ( -SR-XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( -SRFTIR) are used in the non-destructive identification of reaction and aging compounds from micrometric ancient painting ...

The resin extracted from the species of the Pinus genus (Pinaceae family) is a widely used material. Primarily, resins are made up of two types of diterpenoids: abietanes and pimaranes. Their composition changes with aging, ...

Lustering, a technique which involved the application of coloured translucent glazes over gilding and silvering was widely used to enrich and decorate altarpieces in the Baroque period. The decorations consist of a micrometric ...

Precise microanalytical techniques are essential in many fields such as cultural heritage materials, showing complex layered microstructures containing a wide range of materials of diverse nature and hardness. Noninvasive ...

Altarpieces and polychrome carved wood from the fifteenth century AD usually exhibit golden and silvery areas by the application of a very thin foil of metal. The metal foils were normally protected from the atmosphere ...

Medieval texts describe the use of the three-tone system as a pictorial procedure characteristic of Romanesque art to represent shape and volume. Some Medieval art treatises provide detailed instructions of its application, ...